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 fewkes] WINTER SOLSTICE ALTARS A T HANO 265

KlVAS AT HANO

There are two kivas in Hano, one of which, called Tewakiva, is situated at the head of the trail to the pueblo. The other, called the Moftkiva, is built in the eastern part of the plaza, and, as its name implies, is the " chief " Hano kiva. Both these semi- subterranean rooms are rectangular x in shape, and in structural details resemble the kivas of Walpi. Each has a hatchway en- trance in the middle of the roof, and is entered by means of a ladder which rests on the floor near a central fireplace. Neither of the Hano kivas has a window, but each has a raised platform for spectators east of the fireplace. 1

Altar in the MoAkiva at Hano

Anote,* the chief of the Moiikiva, constructed his altar (plate XVIII) on the day above mentioned as Paictala. He anticipated the others in making it, and began operations, about 10 A.M., by carefully sweeping the floor. His fetishes and other altar para- phernalia were in a bag on the floor at the western end of his kiva, but there was no tiponi, or chieftain's badge, even on the completed altar.

Shortly after Anote had finished sweeping the floor of the kiva, Satele entered, followed a few minutes later by Patufitupi. 4 These three men, with Kalakwai, who was weaving a blanket, were the only persons in the kiva while the altar was being made. Immediately after the other chiefs came in, Anote began the making of prayer-sticks. Four of these were made, each of char- acteristic Tewa form.

Each of these prayer-sticks was double the length of the

1 The orientation of the Hano kivas is not far from that of the other East Mesa kivas, or about north 44 west.

' The chief kiva had a small stove, an innovation which was greatly appreciated by the writer.

8 So named by the Hopi ; the Tewa call him TemS. At Hano almost everyone has a Hopi and a Tewa name.

4 Son of Kutcve and Kotcampa of the Kolon-towa, or Corn clan ; commonly called " Esquash " by Americans.

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