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The present families in Hano are so distributed that the oldest part of the pueblo is situated at the head of the trail east of the Monkiva. This is still owned and inhabited by the Sa, Kolon, and Ke clans, all of which probably came from Tcewadi. The Katcina and related Tenyiik y as well as the Okuwun and related Nan clans, are said, by some traditions, to have joined the Tewa colonists after they reached the Hopi mesas, and the position of their houses in respect to the main house-cluster favors that theory. Other traditions say that the first pueblo chief of the Tewa was chief of the Nan-towa. Too much faith should not be put in this statement, notwithstanding the chief of the Tewakiva belongs to the Nan-towa. It seems more probable that the Ke or Bear clan was the leading one in early times, and that its chief was also kintonwi or governor of the first settlement at the foot of the mesa.

Tewa Legends

According to one authority (Kalakwai) the route of migration of the Hano clans from their ancient home, Tcewadi, led them first to Jemesi (Jemez), where they rested a year. From Jemesi they went to Opinpo or Pawikpa (" Duck water "). Thence they proceeded to Kepo, or Bear spring, the present Fort Wingate, and from this place they continued to the site of Fort Defiance, thence to Wukopakabi or Pueblo Ganado. Continuing their migration they entered Pufici, or Ream's canyon, and traversing its entire length, arrived at Isba, or Coyote spring, near the present trail of the East Mesa, where they built their pueblo. This settlement (Kohti) was along the foot-hills to the left of the spring, near a large yellow rock or cliff called Sikyaowatcomo (" Yellow-rock mound "). There they lived for some time, as the debris and ground-plan of their building attest. Their pueblo was a large one, and it was conveniently near a spring called Uftba, now filled up, and Isba, still used by the Hano people.

Shortly after their arrival Ute warriors made a new foray on

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