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 254 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [n. s., i, 1899

Bear ; Te, Cottonwood ; Tayek (?) ; Pe, Firewood ; and Tceta, Bivalve shell.

The early chiefs whose names have been obtained are Mapibi of the Natutowa, Potafl of the Ke-towa, and Talekwefl and Kepo of the Kolon-towa. The present village chief is Anote of the Sa- towa or Tobacco clan. 1

Of the original clans which at some time have been with the Hano people, the following have now become extinct : Kopeeli, Koyanwi, Kapolo, Tun, Tayek, Pe, % and Tceta. The last member of the Tun or Sun people was old chief Kalacai who died about four years ago. It is quite probable that several of these extinct clans did not start from Tcewadi with the others. There were several waves of Tanoan emigrants from the Rio Grande region which went to Tusayan about the same time, among which may be mentioned the Asa, which took a more southerly route, via Zufii. The route of the Asa people will be considered in another article, and the evidences that some of the Asa clans joined their kindred on their advent into Tusayan will be developed later. Probably certain members of the Katcina clan accompanied the Asa people as far as the Awatobi mesa and then affiliated with the early Hano clans. 8

The census of Hano in December, 1898, was as follows:

��1 The Tewa of Hano call the Hopi Koso, and the Hopi speak of the Hano people as the Towa or the Hanum-ny&mA. The word "Mold," so constantly used by white people to designate the Hopi, is never applied by the Hopi to themselves, and they strongly object to it. The dead are said to be moki, which enters into the forma- tion of verbs, as tconmoki, to starve ; tcinmoki, to be very lonesome, etc. The name Hano or Hanoki is, I believe, simply a combination of the words Hano and ki\ * * east- ern pueblo." The element hano appears also in the designation for American, Pa hano, " eastern water " ; pahanoki, "American house." Both the Asa and the Tewa peoples are called Hanum clans.

• Remains of old reservoirs, elaborately walled, from which water was drawn by means of a gourd tied to a long pole, are still pointed out near Tukinovi and are said to have belonged to the Pe-towa. Old Tcasra claims that they were in use in his mother's grandmother's time.

Rio Grande valley to Tusayan.
 * The troubles following the great rebellion of 1680 drove many Tewa from the

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