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Rh winter—first ice January 26th. Ice and frost all gone February 1st. I planted potatoes February 6th; on the 17th planted onion-sets and onion-seeds; April 26th, planted corn.

"January 2d, 1862, Columbia River frozen so that the ocean steamer could not run; thermometer sixteen degrees below freezing-point. January 8th, snow a foot deep; excellent sleighing. On the 17th, Wallamet frozen hard enough to cross on foot. On 24th, ice gone out of Wallamet River. March 10th, snow all disappeared.

"January 7th, 1868, Columbia River closed with ice. On the 11th Wallamet closed over so as to stop the steamers running to Oregon City, until the 28th. No rain fell from the 1st of July to September 3d—63 days—and then none again till October 23d."

The librarian of the Portland Library Association furnishes us with the following, for the year 1870:

"Number of rainy days, 97; number of snowy days, 4; total rain-fall, 33.50 inches—equal to 2 feet 9 5-10 inches: total snow-fall, 10 inches."

The mean annual temperature at Corvallis, eighty miles south of Portland, is fifty-three degrees. At the mouth of the Columbia, it is fifty-two degrees two minutes; and at Steilacoom, fifty degrees eight minutes. Mean winter temperature of the Sound, forty-one degrees; mean summer temperature, sixty-two degrees.