Page:Alexander Macbain - An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language.djvu/56

xxxii. 6. mo‑, mâ‑: trom, lom, caomh.

7. ro‑, râ, ṛro‑, etc.: sìor, mór, làr, àr, bodhar. Here comes the Gaelic numeral stem ‑âro‑n, as aonar, one person, cóignear, five persons; it is allied to Lat. ‑ârius, ‑ârium, Gaelic ‑air, ‑eir, denoting agents or doers—clàrsair, harper, etc.

8. tero‑, ero‑: in sinnsear, uachdar, eadar.

9. lo‑, lâ‑, ḷlo‑, etc.: coll (*cos-lo‑), sìol, neul, ciall, giall.

10. dhro‑, dro‑, dhlo‑, dlo‑: odhar, uallach.

11. bho‑, bhâ‑: earb, gob (*gob-bo‑).

12. to‑, tâ‑. This is the participial termination in most I. E. languages. In G. it is used for the past passive. Also in the adjec&shy;tives nochd, bochd, gnàth, etc.; nouns dligheadh, dearmad, gort.

13. tjo‑, tjâ‑: Gr. . This forms the passive participle in G.: briste, caithte, etc.

14. tâ- of abstract nouns: ìobart, now ìobairt.

15. to- comparative. This appears in the ordinal numerals: deicheamh, O. Ir. dechmad, for *dekṃmeto‑.

16. ko‑, kâ‑: òg, young, juvṇ-ko‑.

17. qo‑, qâ‑, qio‑, āqo‑; sùileach for *sûli-qo‑s; cuimhneach, creid&shy;mheach. Especial&shy;ly the adjec&shy;tives and nouns in ach, as marcach, buadhach. Further, the form iche (‑iqio‑s) denoting agent; maraiche, etc.

18. sqo‑, sqio-: as in measg, seasg, uisge.

19. ꬶo‑, ꬶâ: see muing, Danish, manke; cf. Eng. walk, hark, etc.

20. Stems in i‑: àird, muir, maith, deigh. In ni‑, tàin, cluain, buain; in mi‑, cruimh, cnàimh; in li‑, samhail, dùil; in ti‑, fàith, féith, breith, bleith, etc.—a form in which some infini&shy;tives appear.

21. tâti‑, that is, Celtic tât‑, tûs: beatha, life, *bitûs, g. *bi-tât-os.

22. Stems in u‑: tiugh, fliuch, dub, loch. In nu‑, linn, O. Ir. lín, lênu‑; in tu- there are many—bith, iodh‑, fios (*vid‑s-tu‑), guth, cruth; especial&shy;ly reachd and its like in chd. Here come the infini&shy;tives in adh (‑ātu‑).


 * In G. ‑eas, as of abstract nouns, the form arises from tu‑ being added to an ‑es stem: aois, *aiv-es-tu‑; so dorus, follus.

23. Stems in ‑n: cù, àra, ìm, ionga. In ‑ien, there is Éire, Éireann. The stems in tiô are very common; the oblique cases are in ‑tin‑; see eiridinn, faotainn, etc.: common in infini&shy;tives. Similarly common is ‑men, ‑mon, in ainm, cuirm, druim, leum; and masculine in britheamh, ollamh, talamh.

24. Stems in ‑r; only the family names athair, màthair, etc.

25. Stems in ‑t, ‑nt: nochd, night: caraid, friend—a participial form.