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 completeness; for above the monument and tomb still hang the knight's actual achievements. We readily admit that above other knightly effigies must have hung such achievements, but with the exception of but a very few, to be counted on the fingers of one hand, and those of later date, all have now perished.

From Edward Bolton's "Elements of Armouries," 1610

On the achievements of Edward, Prince of Wales, the Black Prince, much has been written; but the most scholarly article on the subject comes from the pen of Sir St. John Hope in the Vetusta Monumenta of the Society of Antiquaries, published May 31, 1894, and we beg to acknowledge our obligations to the author for the substance of the following notes. Hanging upon a beam above the tomb to-day may be seen the helm (Chapter IX), the gauntlets (Chapter XV), the surcoat (Fig. 187), the shield (Fig. 188), the crest (Chapter XIII), part of the sword-scabbard, and part of the sword-belt (Fig. 189, page 154). There is evidence that further achievements used at one time to exist in the form of another shield, the sword itself, and the dagger. In a drawing of the Prince's tomb and achievements included among the MSS. of the Society of Antiquaries (No. 162, fol. 33) there is a view of the tomb in Canterbury Cathedral as it appeared in the latter part of the XVIth century, where can be seen, hanging above the existing shield, a second shield of the Italian or kite-shaped form (Fig. 185). In the centre are painted the Prince's arms, with the silver label of three points. Around, likewise painted, are arrangements of scroll-work. This same shield is illustrated in Edward Bolton's "The Elements of Armouries" (Fig. 186), the earliest published notice of the achievements, a volume printed in London in 1610. The second shield, or pavis, is here illustrated as well as described, though it differs somewhat from its representation in the Society of Antiquaries' drawing, in that the lower extremity is rounded, and that the arms painted in the centre appear on a circular plain field; but as all the achievements in the Society of Antiquaries' drawing are so inaccurately represented, it is safer to rely on Bolton's illustration. Of the armaments that exist above the tomb, speculation is still rife as to whether they were the product of the funeral furnisher—sixteen weeks elapsed between the death of the Prince and his funeral, an ample time for their manufacture—or whether they were actual armaments of the time worn by a knight; for it was directed