Page:A new and general biographical dictionary; containing an historical and critical account of the lives and writings of the most eminent persons in every nation v1.djvu/311

 A P E L L E S. 275 buffered death upon this accufation. Alexander the Great ; and for what he But as foon as Ptolemy knew the truth afferts, he quotes the authority of Po- of this affair, he condemned Antiphilus lyLnus (lib. iv. and v.) "We muft to be a (lave to Allies, and gave the " therefore," fays lie, " fuppofe one latter an hundred talents. Lucian, Ue " or other of thcfc two things ; either cjlimni! i. " tli.it Lucian fpeaks of Apelles, diffe- Mr. Bayle remarks upon this account " rent from him who was in iuch rc- of Lucian, that he had fallen into a " putation at Alexandria 5 or that he great anachronifm ; for the confpiracy " has confounded fome plot which was of Theodotus was in the reign of Pto- " contrived undef Ptolemy PhiladeU lemy PhMopater, which did not begin " phus, with the conspiracy of Theo- till an hundred years after the death of t( dotus." APICIUS. There were three ancient Romans of this name, all very illuftrious ; not for genius, for virtue, for great or good qualities, but for gluttony: or, if we mayjjayle'sDIft. foften the term in complaifance tothcgrowingtafteof the times we write in, for the art of refining in the fcience of eating. 1776 The raft lived under Sylla, the fecond under Auguftus and Tiberius, and the third under Trajan. The lecond how- ever is the moft illuftrious perfonage of the three, and is doubtlefs the fame of whom Seneca, Pliny, Juvenal, Mar- tial, &c. fo much fpeak. Athen<euspl res him under Tibe- rius, and tells us, that he fpent immenfe fums upon hisDelppos, belly, and invented divers forts of cakes, which bore hisL.i.andir. name. We leain from Seneca, that he lived in his time,DeCon- and kept as it were a fchool of gluttony at Rjme; that he folat -. at fpent two millions and an half in entertainments; that, ft e x * 1 finding himftlf very much in debt, he was forced at length, to look into the irate of his affairs ; and that, feeing he had but 250,000 livres left, he poifoned himfelf from an appre- henfion of being ftarved with fuch a fum. Dion relates the fame thing, and adds a particular, mentioned alfo by Ta-Lib. 57. citus, that Sejanus, when very young, had proftituted him- Annal.iv.i. felftohim. Pliny mentions very frequently the ragoos he invented, and calls him the completeft glutton that ever ap- Lib. peared in the world : nepotum cmnium altijfjimiis gurges. third Apicius lived under Trajan : he had an admirable to preferve oyfters, which he fhewed by fending Trajan fome as far as Parthia, very frefh when they arrived. The name of Apicius was applied long after to feveral forts of meat: it made alfo a left among the cooks. There is extant a treatife, " de re culinaria," under the name of Czelius Apicius, which is judged by the critics to be very ancient, though they do not luppofe it to be written by any of the above three. A fair edition of it was given by Martin Lifter, with the title of " dc obfoniis et condimentis, five de 14 arte coquinaria," in odtavo, Lon<J0n, 1705, and re- T 2 punted