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260 26o CHAMBERS, KNIGHT, AND CASSELL. commercial success. The committee got, says Mr. Knight, the credit of the work, without incurring any of the risk ; and the expenditure on literary matter alone amounted to ^"40,000. The sale, owing to the increase of matter and price, rapidly declined : at first consisting of 75,000 copies, it fell at the increase to twopence to 55,000, in the second year to 44,000, and at the close of the fourpenny period it was actually reduced to 20,000 ; and this chronic loss entailed upon Mr. Knight for the duration of eleven years absorbed every other source of profit in his extensive business. This loss was still further augmented by the enor- mously heavy paper duty of threepence per pound, but which was reduced in 1836 to half that price. Mr. Knight was originally associated with Mr. Long in the editorial duties, but soon wisely gave up the management of the literary department. Mr. George Long, who is now leaving a Professor- ship at Brighton College for Chichester,* had been bracketed with Macaulay and Professor Maiden for the Craven Scholarship a fact that says something, were it necessary, for his attainments and was able to gather together the most able men of the day on his staff", all of whom, whether belonging to the Society or otherwise, were handsomely remunerated for their labour. Upon De Morgan rested, perhaps, after the editor, the heaviest labour, for he undertook the whole department of Mathematical Science. The Bio- graphical portion was chiefly due to G. C. Lewis, G. Long himself, P. and W. Smith, and Donaldson. It is impossible, necessarily, to mention many out of the copy of the "Encyclopaedia," interleaved with the names of the contri- butors, and other interesting information as to the progress of the work,
 * Mr. Long has deposited in the Public Library at Brighton his private