Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/751

 GLOSSARY. 693 Lierne. — A short intermediate rib in vaulting (No. 112 N, p). Lintel. —The piece of timber or stone that covers an opening, and supports a weight above it (Nos. 6, 8, 20, and 37). <' Loggia. — A gallery open to the air, and forming a shelter. Metope (Gk. = a hole between). — The space between the Doric triglyphs. In ancient examples it was left quite open, hence the name (Nos. 16 A, 20 B, 21, and 44 h). Mezzanine. — A low story between two lofty ones (Fr. Entresol). Miserere. — A seat, made to turn up in order to afford support to a standing person. The underside is frequently grotesquely carved (No. 174 G, h). Modillions. — The projecting brackets in the Corinthian cornice (Nos. 38 F, 68 A, D, 191 A, B, 198 b). Module. — A measure of proportion, by which the parts of a Classic order or building are regulated, being usually the semi-diameter of a column, which is divided into thirty parts or minutes (Nos. 38 and 262). Mosaic. — The formation of deco- rative surfaces by small cubes of stone, glass and marble : much used in Roman and later times for floors and w-all decoration (Nos. 69 K, 72, and 78 B, H, l). Mouldings. — The contours given to projecting members (see F. Mouldings in each style, Nos. 39, 40 and I46). Mullions. — Used in Gothic archi- tecture, to divide the windows into different numbers of lights, these being usually glazed in leaded panes (Nos. 142 and 175). Mutule. — The projecting inclined blocks in the Greek Doric cornice, supposed to be derived from the ends of wooden rafters (Nos. 21 H, K, L, 38 A, and 262 a). Narthex. — A long arcaded Porch forming an entrance into a Christian basilica, originally appropriated to penitents (Nos. 75 K and 80 c). Naos. — The cell or principal chamber in a temple (No. 18 h). The English na7'e is derived from the Gk. iraos, and signifies the central or main division of the plan (Nos. 130 C and 159 A, B). Naumachia(Gk. = a battle of ships). — A building erected for the exhibition of sea-fights, sometimes refers to the spectacle itself. Nave (see Naos). — The central division of a church, west of the choir. Necking. — The space between the astragal of the shaft and the commence- ment of the cap proper in the Koman Doric (Nos. 38 and 40 n). Newel. — (i) The central shaft, round which the steps of a circular staircase wind ; (2) also applied to the post in which the handrail is framed (Nos. 242, 244 E and 2-0 c). Niche. — A recess in a wall for the reception of a statue or ornament (Nos. 128 and 194). Norman. — The style which preceded the Early English in this country, also termed English Romanesque (Nos. 122 A, B, C. D, 135, 136 A, B, 138, 139). Nymphaeum.— (Literally, a build- ing consecrated to the nymphs). A chamber for plants, flowers, and run- ning water, ornamented with statues and forming a cool and agreeable retreat (see page 132). Octastyle. — A range of eight columns (Nos. 18, 23). Ogee (cyma-reversa). — A form of moulding (No. 39 m) or arch (No. 299 v). Opisthodomos (Nos. 18 h, 23 h) (also called Epinaos orposticum) (Gk. = a backroom, or behind a house). — In Greek architecture an open vestibule within the portico, at the end liehind the cella in most peripteral or dipteral temples, corresponding to the pronaos at the principal end, into which opens the main entrance. Order (page 53). — In architecture, signifies a column, with its base, shaft and capital, and the entablature which it supports (Nos. 38 and 262). Oriel. — A window corbelled from the face of wall by means of projecting stones (No. 250 e). Ovolo. — A convex moulding which was much used in Classic architecture (No. 39 N, o). Panel. — A sunken compartment such as occurs in walls, ceilings, doors and wainscoting (Nos. 214 G, 225 C, F,, 244 11) • Parapet (Ital. parapetto = breast high). — The upper portion of the