Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/640

 582 COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE. translation of the Villa Capra, near Vicenza (page 488). The Brothers Adam. Robert Adam (1728-1792) published " Dio- cletian's Palace at Spalato," in the 3'ear 1760, a book which influenced architectural design. Other designs are two sides of Fitzroy Square; the Adelphi Terrace (named after the four brothers) ; the screen in front of the Admiralty, Whitehall (1760) Caen Wood, Hampstead; Kedle stone Hall, Derbyshire (No. 258) Stratford Place, London ; Lans downe House, London (1765) Stowe House, Buckingham ; Sion House, near London (a. d. 1761- 1762); Kenwood House, Hamp- stead (a. d. 1764), and many private houses in London, and the College and Register Office, Edinburgh. The brothers Adam were the authors of a marked style of in- terior decoration that is known by their name. Furniture and decoration were treated together with the design of the rooms themselves with refined and elegant details. Adams' chimney- pieces are specially characteristic. Henry Holland (1740- 1806) erected Claremont House, Esher ; Carlton House, on the site now occupied by Waterloo Place (the Corinthian columns being em- ployed at the National Gallery); Brooks's Club, London, and the vestibule to Dover House, White- hall, which is a charming and refined piece of work. Jaiju's Wyatt (1748-1813) studied in Rome. The l^antheon (1772) in Oxford Street, and White's Club, are works in London ; Lee Priory, Kent ; Castle Coote, Ireland; Bowden Park, Wiltshire; and Fonthill Abbey (1795-1822). He undertook the restoration of many of the cathedrals and im- portant churches in lingland and Wales, but the small knowledge of the true spirit of Gothic archi- prison designs and lately demo- lished; also of S. Luke's Hospital. John ]]'ood (1704-1754) of Bath, in conjunction with Dawldns, pub- lished the " Illustrationsot Baalbec and I^almyra" in 1750, creating a taste for Roman magnificence. His best known work is I'rior I^ark, Bath (a. d. 1735-1743), and various other works in that city. Sir William Chambers (1726- 1796), first Treasurer of the l^oyal Academ}', wrote the "Treatise on the Decorative Part cf Civil Architecture." He carried on the traditions of the Anglo- Palladian school, objecting strongly to the Greek revival then commencing. The proportions he adopted for the Classic orders are given in Nos. 261, 262. He travelled largely in Europe and the East. His great work is Somerset House, commenced in 1776 (No. 259), which is grand, dignified, and simple in its parts. A single order runs through two stories, and rustication is largely employed. The character of his work in general is correct and refined, but lacking somewhat in originality and strength. James Gandon (1742- 1823), a pupil of Sir W. Chambers, erected the Custom House and the Law Courts at Dublin. Sir John Soane (1750-1837), a pupil of George Dance, junior, studied in Italy (1788). He was appointed architect to the Bank of England. This important building occupied many years of his life and constitutes his masterpiece, the Corinthian order of the Temple at Tivoli being closely followed. Comparing this design with New- gate, it fails in the quality of appa- rent suitability of purpose. His early designs are Palladian, and his later ones are those of an original mind, but he was unable to clothe them with suitable details, and there is a consequent taint of eccentricity. The Dulwich picture gallery is by