Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/564

 5o6 COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE. Tuileries during the Commune in 1871, however, has rendered the connecting galleries architecturally inefifective. The Luxembourg Palace, Paris (a.d. 161 i) (No. 223 g, h), was erected by De Brosse for Marie de Medici of Florence, the intention being to imitate the bold and simple treatment of Florentine buildings. It resembles the Pitti Palace, Florence, in the treatment of the courtyard. It has a French type of plan, i.e., a " corp de logis," 315 feet by 170 feet and three stories in height, from which wings project 230 feet, enclosing a courtyard, and having screen and porte- cochcye in front. It is now used as a Senate House. The Chateau de Maisons, near Paris (1658), was erected by Francois Mansard, architect, and is shown in plan and elevation in No. 223 e, f. It is notable for the effective use of the Classic orders to each story, the mansard roofs treated separately for the pavilions and central portion, and general refinement of detail. The Palace of Versailles was commenced in a.d. 1664, by Jules Hardouin Mansard (1647-1708), for Louis XIV., and is remarkable only for the uniformity and tameness of its design. The dimensions are very large, the central projection measuring 320 feet and each wing 500 feet, thus giving a total of 1,320 feet. Le Notre laid out the gardens which, with their fountains, terraces and arbours, are very fine. In addition to the important buildings mentioned, there are many charming examples of the style, as the House of Agnes Sorel, Orleans, the Hotel de Bourgtheroulde, Rouen, the Hotel de Ville, Beaugency, and many others throughout France. Amongst later examples in Paris are the Arc de Triomphe (a.d. 1806) by Chalgrin ; the Library of S. Genevieve, with its astylar fa9ade (a.d. i 843-1850), by Labrouste ; the Louvre, completed by Visconti ; the Hotel de Ville, reconstructed in its original style of the Early Renaissance (a.d. 1533) by Ballu and Deperthes in a.d. 1871 ; and the Opera House (a.d. 1863-1875) by Garnier. ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE. The early examples of the incoming style consisted mainly, as in England, of tombs, pulpits, altars and doorways, and additions to churches, in which Renaissance details were often grafted on to Gothic forms. The tombs of Louis XII. (a.d. 1515) in S. Denis Cathedral, near Paris, and Cardinal d'Amboise at Rouen ; the portals of the church of the Trinity at Falaise ; the external pulpit at the Chateau de Vitre, and the apses of S. Pierre at Ciien, are examples.