Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/409

 ENGLISH GOTHIC (tHE PERPENDICULAR STYLE). 35I In the Provinces the principal examples are : — The west fronts of Winchester, Gloucester and Beverley ; S. George's Chapel, Windsor (Nos. 70 l and 133), Sherborne Minster and King's College Chapel, Cambridge (No. 70 m). " This immense and glorious work of fine intelligence." Wordsworth. Other examples are in the Cathedrals of Canterbury (nave), York (choir), Gloucester (transept, choir, and cloisters), Win- chester (nave remodelled) (Nos. 124, 137 g), and the Beauchamp Chapel at Warwick ; towers at Gloucester and Canterbury, and many of the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge (page 324), and numerous mansions throughout the country. A. Plans. — Owing to the great building era that had preceded this period, ecclesiastical work consisted mostly of restorations or additions. In church planning there was a decrease in the size of the piers, and a tendency to throw all pressures upon the buttresses, which have often great depth. Towers are numerous and important, and were generally erected without a spire, as the Bell Tower, Evesham (1533). When a spire occurs, it rises behind a parapet, as at S. Peter, Kettering, Northants (No. 140 f). (The plans of castles and houses have been referred to on pages 318 and 322.) B. Walls. — These were profusely ornamented with panelling (Nos. 128, 137 g), resembling tracery of windows, as at Henry VI I. 's Chapel, which may be taken as the most elaborate specimen of the style. The use of flint as a wall facing, for panels in conjunction with stone tracery, in the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, was common. Parapets are embattled or panelled (No. 147), and often very rich, as at Merton College, Oxford. Buttresses project boldly, being sometimes deep enough in pro- jection to allow of a chapel being placed between, as at King's College, Cambridge. They are also panelled with tracery, as at Henry VII.'s Chapel (No. 128), and are crowned with finials (Nos. 124 D, E, and 128), which are often richly ornamented with crockets. Flying buttresses are common and are often pierced, as at Henry VII.'s Chapel (No. 128). c. Openings. — Arches in the early period inclose an equi- lateral triangle (No. 299) ; they were afterwards obtusely pointed, or struck from four centres (Nos. 133 and 299), sometimes inclosed in a square hood-moulding above the head (No. 143).