Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/405

 ENGLISH GOTHIC (THE DECORATED STYLE). 347 Windows (Nos. 137 and 142) are large, and divided by muliions into two or more lights. Tracery at first consisted of geometric forms, as in the cloisters of Salisbury, the choir clerestories of Ely, Lincoln, and Lichfield, and the nave of York. In the latter part of the period it was "flowing " in character as in the choirs of Ely (No. 137 f) and Wells. The cusps, which in the Early English style were often planted on, in this period were cut out of the stone forming the tracery. Doorways (No. 143) are ornamented with engaged shafts, and have jambs of less depth than in the Early English style. Arches were formed by being struck from the points of equilateral triangles, or even of lower proportion (No. 299 i). The ogee arch (No. 299 v) was also used. The enlargement of clerestory windows proceeded pari passu with the diminution in height of the triforium (No. 137 f). D. Roofs. — These are of moderate pitch, and sometimes have open framing, of which Eltham Palace and S. Etheldreda, Ely Place, Holborn, are good examples. (Vaulting, seepage 287 and No. 112.) E. Columns. — Piers are sometimes diamond-shaped on plan, with engaged shafts (No. 146). Small shafts, surrounding and attached to a central column, were a development from the Early English. The capitals, when moulded, are similar to those in the Early English style, but not so deeply undercut (No. 146). When carved, the foliage is more naturalistic, and resembles the leaves of the oak, ivy, maple, or vine (No. 148 g). F. Mouldings. — Hollow mouldings are ornamented with the ball-flower (No. 147 c), which is specially characteristic of the style, other mouldings being shown on Nos. 143 and 146. Cornices and dripstones often have their deep hollows filled with foliage and carving, and are ornamented with crocket (No. 147 k). Dripstones are finished with carved heads or grotesques, as at Cley Church, Norfolk (No. 143). " The carved angels, ever eager eyed Stared, where upon their heads the cornice rests, With hair blown back, and wings put crosswise on their breasts." Keats. Base mouldings to walls are strongly marked, as seen in the exterior of Lmcoln (No. 125). G. Ornament. — Carved foliage in this period is generally naturalistic, and consists of seaweed, ivy, oak, and vine leaves, and the well-known tablet flower (Nos. 147 and 148). Stained glass led to a great extension of window openings, and the development of tracery. In itself it lost the mosaic character