Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/335

 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE IN EUROPE. 277 beside the church : — (a.) A Cloister Court, off which were placed the Chapter House, with the Sacristy between it and the church, and the dormitory adjoining the church, approached by a separate staircase. The cellarage for beer, wine and oil, was often placed under the dormitory. On the opposite side to the church were the refectory (dining hall) and kitchens, thus placed to keep away noise and smell. The lavatory was usually placed in the south cloister walk as at Westminster, Wells, Chester, Peterborough and Gloucester, [h.) An Inner Court, with infir- mary, guest house, kitchen, servants' hall, library and scriptorium (the writing and illuminating room for making copies of books). (c.) A Common Court, with double gateway for carts, surrounded by granaries, bakehouses, stables, store rooms, servants' rooms, tribunal, prison, abbot's lodging, and barn. {d.) The Church Court or Close, open to the public, {e.) Mills, workshops, gardens, orchards, and fishponds. Monasteries answered the purpose of inns in little frequented places, as is the case to this day on the continent. SECULAR ARCHITECTURE. Examples of secular work, such as castles and residences of the nobles, the dwellings of the people, hospitals, and other civil and domestic work are referred to under each country. 4. COMPARATIVE. The comparative analysis of each country is given separately, and a comparative table of the underlying differences between the Gothic and Renaissance styles is given on page 442. 5. REFERENCE BOOKS. Lists are given with each country.