Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/188

 130 COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE. in antis. The buildings were constructed with large blocks of stone without cement, and the columns were built up in three pieces. A further short description is given on No. 53. The Temple of Jupiter, Baalbec (a.d. 273), is peripteral octastyle with a vaulted sanctuary at the west end, approached by a flight of steps. The interior was ornamented with half-Corin- thian columns having returned entablature, from which sprung the coffered vault. Between the columns were two tiers of niches. Dawkins and Wood restore this temple as if vaulted, but other authorities do not think this possible. Circular and Polygonal Examples. At Rome. The Temple of Alater Matiita, for- B.C. 27- a.d. 14. (See below.) merly known as the Temple of Vesta. The Pantheon (Nos. 33, 54, 55, a.d. 120-124. (See below.) 56, 57, 67 H). The Temple of J'es/a (No 47). A.D. 205. (See below.) At Tivoli (near Rome). The Temple of J'esla (Nos. 18 c, 57). B c. 27-A.D. 14. (See page 134.) At Spalato. The Temple of Jiipiler (in Diocle- a.d. 284. (Seepages 136, 161.) tian's Palace) (No. 59;. At Baalbec. The Circular Temple (No. 60 D, a.d. 273. (See page 136.) E. F). The Temple of Mater Matuta, Rome, formerly known as the Temple of Vesta, is situated in the Forum Boarium, and is circular peripteral, having twenty Corinthian columns, 34 feet 7 inches in height and 3 feet 2 inches in diameter, and therefore nearly eleven diameters high. These surround a cella 28 feet in diameter, and rest on a podium 6 feet high. It is built of Parian marble, with the exception of the podium, which is of tufa, and is approached by a flight of marble steps. The roof was probably of wood covered with bronze tiles. The V-sluiped section of the leaves indicates the work of a Greek artist. It is now the Cliurch of S. M. del Sole. The Temple of Vesta, Rome, (in the Forum Romanum) (No. 47), was founded in b.c. 715, but was frequently destroyed by fire and repeatedly rebuilt, finally by Septimius Severius in a d. 205. According to Middleton it was circular peripteral with eighteen columns surrounding a cella, and resting on a podium 10 feet high. Among the remains lately found are some fragments of the columns liaving fillets for fitting metal screens between the shafts. The Pantheon, Rome (Nos. 33, 37 a, h, c, 54, 55, 56, 57 k) is now, owing to the investigations of M. Chedanne in 1892, known to belong to two distinct periods. The circular portion, known as the Kotunda, occupies the site