Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/181

 ROMAN ARCHITECTURE. I23 increased, being usually the whole width of the temple, which was used as a museum for Greek statuary and as a treasure store. As the architraves were supported by the enclosing walls on the flanks, temples could also be built on a larger scale than in the Greek style. Nothing definite is known as to the ceilings, but these may have been of coffering in stone as in the colonnades, of open timber-work as in the basilicas, or vaulted as in the Temple of Venus and Rome at Rome (No. 50), the Temple of Diana at Nimes (No. 50), and the Temples at Spalato. The abolition of the encircling colonnade and the continuous stylobate of steps resulted in a certain loss of unity in comparison with Greek examples, which in most cases were isolated and visible from all sides ; whereas the Roman temples were specially intended to be seen from the forum or open space upon which they usually faced, the front being therefore made important by the deep portico and flight of steps. No consideration was given to orientation as in Greek examples. Circular and polygonal temples were also used by the Romans, being probably derived from Etruscan examples. Rectangular Examples. At Rome. Date. Remarks. The Temple of Fortima Virilis B.C. ico A typical Roman temple plan. (No. 49, A, B, c). Ionic. Pseudo-peripteral te- trastyle. Now the church of S. Maria Egiziaca. The Temple of Mars Ultor (the B.C. 42-2 Corinthian. Three-columns and Avenger) (Nos. 52 and 67 g). a pilaster remaining (page 125). The Temple of Concord {^o. a^-]'^). B.C. 27-A.i). Corinthian. Pseudo-peripteral 14 prostyle-hexastyle. Unusual plan, having celia twice as wide as long. The Temple of Castor and Pollux. A.D. 6 Corinthian. Peripteral oclastyle Also known as Jupiter Stator with front portico. Three (Nos. 47'^, 67 A and 68). columns remaining. The Temple of J'espasiaii{^o. j^f'^^). A.D. 94 Corinthian. Prostyle-hexastyle. Three columns remaining. The Temple of Antoninus and a.d. 141 Corinthian. Pseudo-peripteral Faustina (Nos. 52 I, J, K, L, and prostyle-hexastyle. Now the 68 E~). church of S. Lorenzo. The Temple of Venus and Rome A.D. 123-135 Corinthian Peculiar double (Nos. 47", and 50 A, B, c. d). temple (page 125). The Temple of Saturn (Nos. 47^^, a.d. 284 Ionic. Pseudo-peripteral pro- and 49 L, M, n). style-hexastyle. Eight columns At Athens. remaining. The Temple oj Jupiter Clympius b C. 174 (See page 90.) (Nos. 18 J, 43 a). At Nimes. The Alaison Carree (Nos. 18 G, A.D. I17-138 (See page 125.) 50 H, J, K, 51). The Temple of Diana (No. 50 K, (Seepage 125) F, G).