Page:A history of architecture on the comparative method for the student, craftsman, and amateur.djvu/116

 58 COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE. the doorways, others that the transparent Parian marble roofing slabs would admit sufficient light. Artificial illumination by means of lamps may also have been employed. The different hinds of temples are classified, by the disposi- tion of their columns, and a sheet of plans (No. 18) is given in order to indicate the general distribution of parts, and also to show the evolution from the simple shrine-cell of the smaller examples. The different methods of spacing the columns one from the other is shown in No. 39, R, s, t, u, v, i. Di-style in antis at one end (the simplest form, having two columns between antae). Ex.Templeof Rhamnus(No. 18 a). ii. Di-style in antis at both ends. Ex. Doric Temple at Eleusis (No. 18 b). iii. Prostyle tetrastylc (a front portico of four columns). Ex. Doric Temple at Selinus, Sicily (No, 18 d), iv, Amphi-pvostyle tetrastyle (front and rear porticos of four columns). Ex. Ionic Temple on the Ilissus (No. 18 e), and Temple of Nike-Apteros (No. 18 n). V. Peripteral circular (a ring of columns surrounding a circular cell). Ex. Philipeion at Olympia, The Tholos at Epidauros (No. 18 k). vi. Peripteral hexastyle (a temple surrounded by columns, the porticos at each end having six). Ex. The Theseion Athens (Nos. 18 f and 21 d). Temple of Neptune, Paestum (No. 28 A, B, c). Temple of Apollo at Bassae (No 27 c). vii. Peripteral octastyle (as last, but with eight columns to each portico). Ex. the Parthenon Athens (Nos. 18 h, 23 h). viii. Pseudo-peripteral (having columns attached to cella walls, a favourite form afterwards adopted by the Romans. See page 12). Greek ex. Temple of Jupiter at Agrigentum (No. 28 m). ix. Dipteral octastyle (double rows of columns surrounding temple, having ranges of eight at each end). Exs. Temple of Jupiter Olympius, Athens (No. 18 j), and Temple of Diana at Ephesus (No. 31 b). x. Pseudo-dipteral octastyle (as last, with the inner range left out). Ex. Great Doric Temple of Selinus, Sicily (No. 18 l). xi. Dipteral decastyle (as ix., but with ten columns at ends). Ex. Temple of Apollo Didymaeus, near Miletus. A Roman example is the Great Temple at Baalbec (No. 53 e). xii. Octagonal. Ex. Tower of the Winds Athens (No. 28 k, l). xiii. Irregular planning. Ex. Erechtheion, Athens (Nos. 18 m, 30 I'), The Propyloea, Athens (No. 18 n), Teleskrion at Eleusis. In order to keep the descriptions of classic temples together, mention is made here that the Romans employed the circular