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 THE COLONIAL PERIOD 71 called Quiapo between Cafiete and Concepcion, and determined there to protract the struggle behind his defences. Don Garcia marched against the young commander at Quiapo. Andres was sent as an ambassador to the Araucanians, but was coolly received by Caupolican, for the latter had not forgotten the Indian's treachery to his father. The following day Andres paid the penalty of his former duplicity ; being taken as a spy, he was hung by the heels and suffocated with smoke. Caup&lican made a desperate resistance, but, in a sally undertaken to dislodge the Spaniards from about his intrenchments, his officers were killed, Tucapel, Colocolo, Rencu, Lincoyan, Mariantu, Ongolmo and others of his bravest heroes fell, while his troops were mercilessly slain, in fact annihilated. Fortifi- cations were rebuilt at Arauco and Angol ; Villarica was reestablished, and its mines re-opened. In the capital a bishopric had been established. D. Fr. Bartoleme Roderigo Gonzales Marmolejo, of Carmana in Andalusia, was the first bishop of Santia- go, appointed by Pius IV. He erected the church in 1563 and governed it until 1565, when he died. In 1567, D. Fr. Fernando Barrionuevo of the order of San Francisco, a native of Guadalajara, Spain, was elected to the bishopric. He held the office eighteen months, when he died. Following Barrionuevo's death the office remained vacant five years.* Troops were sent to the assistance of Aguirre in the conquest of Cujo. The latter conquered the natives, the Huarpes, and established the cities of San Juan and Mendoza east of the Andes. These provinces Lima and was made bishop. He governed the church until J593. The office was then vacant for two years. In 1595, D. Fr. Pedro de Azuaga was promoted to the office but died before be received the episcopal consecration.
 * In 1564, D. Fr. Diego Medellin, a Franciscan from Estremadura, came from