Page:A grammar of the Bohemian or Cech language.djvu/88

 ﻿(b) To signify advantage or disadvantage, as budes-li moudrý, sobi t?ioudrý budes, if you are wise, you will be wise for yourself.

(c) Many adjectives govern the dative, of which the following may be mentioned: roven, equal; příjemný, agreeable; cizí, strange; nebezpečný, dangerous; snadný, easy; nesnadý, diffi- cult ; dlužen, indebted; vítán, welcome; milosrden, merciful; vzácný, rare, dear, &c. &c.

(d) The following verbs among others take the dative : dlko- vati, to thank; klanili se, to entreat; Ubili se, to please; chybili, to be wanting (deesse); podobali se, to be like; blížili se, to approach ; věřili, to believe ; povídali, to say; odolali, to resist ; modlili se, to pray ; zjevili se, to appear to; zahynuli ná vypraví le'lo smrti, they died (lit. underwent death) on this expedition ; dobyl -sobi Moravy, he gained Moravia for himself. So also král Vácslav odhal bratrovi polovici zemi, King Wenceslaus took from his brother half of the land.

The accusative is used—

(a) As the ordinary case after the verb.

(b) To denote extent or dimension both of time and place, as tři míle běželi, to run three miles ; jsem 20 roků slar, I am twenty years old. There is also what has been called the accusative of exclamation with hie, lit. look upon, and na, nate, there you have it! Cf. Russian, Botl TeCi Ha.

The instrumental case is used to express the instrument or agent.

There is also what has been appropriately called the predi- cative use of the instrumental. This is a great feature of the Slavonic languages, and is employed where a surname or quality is assigned to an object; it expresses the appellation which we apply to a thing, the regard in which we hold it, some modifi- cation which it has undergone, e.g. Cicero slul oleem vlasti, Cicero was called the father of his country; učiněn jest opatem,