Page:A dictionary of the Sunda language of Java.djvu/191

170 its use you perceive that it also implies exceeding good. Imah na jasah goréng na, his house was exceedingly bad. Jasah hadé na, exceedingly good. Jasah, used by itself implies—shocking! very- bad! or perhaps only—„in an extreme degree”, which is mostly by implication—„very bad”.

Jataké, name of a tree and its fruit called in Malay Gandaria, mangifera oppositifolia. (The word is certainly Scr., but Wilson does not mention this meaning sub voce Jâtaka. Fr.)

Jati, the Teak tree. Tectona grandis. This is the name given to the Teak tree on Java and on other islands of the Archipelago where it occurs. The word seems to be of Sanscrit origin. Jati, C. 209 birth, lineage, race; family. Jatya, C. 210, wellborn, of good family. In Ceylon Jatya is the name given to what we call caste. This would lead one to suppose that the Teak originally was introduced from India, and brought with it, not its pure and simple Indian name, but received from the Indians who brought it to Java and the Archipelago the appellation of the „High caste wood.” Jati also means in Ceylonese, great flowered Jasmine; mace, nutmegs.

Jati, divine truth; essence. In this sense, it is very likely a modified meaning of the foregoing word. (Jav. id.)

Jauh, far, far off, distant, remote. This word has also, most probably, a Sanscrit origin, and may be a modification of a part of the verb Yanawa to go, which in the imperative is Yawa, go thou. (Mal. id.)

Jauhken, to remove to a distance.

Jawa, the Eastern portion of the island called by Europeans Java. Jawa extends from Tagal Eastward. A name, doubtless, originally given to the country by the people of India, as they appear to have called all distant countries Yawana, in the sense in which we speak of foreigners generally, or as the ancient Greeks called alall [sic] strange nations Barbaroi. But the name by frequent intercourse, attached itself permanently to the Eastern parts of the present island of Jawa. It very likely has its origin in the same verb Yanawa mentioned at the word Jauh. Clough at Pages 208 and 571 gives both Jawana and Jawana, as the name of a vague country distant from India, and as also meaning foreigner. The Hindus also applied Jawana to the Greeks and their Jawana Achayarya (Achârya) is supposed to be Aristotle, the Yawana teacher. Clough Page 571 gives Jawana, a country most probably Bactria, or it may be extended from that colony to Jonia or still further to Greece. By late Hindu writers it is most commonly applied to Arabia. Jawa was originally a general name for all the Eastern Archipelago generally, and chiefly for the Sumatra and Java of the present day. Marco Polo describes them as such, and Ptolemy, the Roman geographer calls them the Jabidii insulœ in the second century after Christ. In ancient times, thus, both Sumatra and Java of the present day were known as Jawa; and Marco Polo, at the close of the 13th century distinguishes them by Jawa Minor, and Java Major