Page:A dictionary of the Manks language (Cregeen).djvu/12

viii 52. M, beginning words has but two initials, viz.: m and v; as, (pride);  (his pride), &c.

53. P, beginning words has three initials, viz.: p, ph, and b; as, (power);  (his power);  (your &c. power), &c.

54. Q, beginning radicals, has three initials, viz.: q, wh, and g; as, (a court);  (his court);  (your, &c. court), &c.

55. S, beginning words radically, has many changes, viz.: s, h, t; as (an eye);  (his eye);  (the eye).

56. And if S be followed by h, it changes to ch and h; as, (an old man);  (the old man);  (his old man).

57. When S is followed by l, it changes to cl and l; as, (a rod);  (the rod);  (his rod, &c.)

58. The letter S, apostrophized before adjectives and participles, I think is an abreviation of, by which the degrees of comparison are shown throughout the language; first, the positive, (true); secondly, a degree above the positive; as,  (how true); thirdly, the comparative,  (more true); fourthly, the superlative,  (the truest saying).

59. T, beginning words radically, has three initials, viz.: t, h, and d; as, (a measure);  (his measure);  (your, &e. measure).

60. Verbs commencing radically with vowels, begin with d to show the preterit or past time of action, or negatively; as, or (cook, dress, or prepare);  (did cook, dress, or prepare); and negatively,, &c.; and  (dung or manure);  (did dung, or manure); and , &c.

61. Verbs beginning in like manner with vowels, to show the present and also the past time of action, begin with g; as, (grow);  (growing);  (I was growing);  (rise); &c.

62. Of verbs irregular, which do not altogether change according to the foregoing remarks.— (coming), changes to, , , , , , , ,.

(hearing),, , , , , ,.

, or (giving, putting, sending, &c.),, , ,  and ,  and.

(seeing),, , , , , ,.

(getting),, , , , , , , ,.

(taking),, , , , ,.

(going),, , , , , , , , , , ,.

(saying),, , , , and , and , ,.

(doing),, and , ,.

63.The regular verbs change their initials according to what has been said on the changing of the letters and their terminations, as specified in Remarks 77-88.

64. Of the forming of plurals in the Manks, the addition of to the singular is the most common, which is shown after the singulars through the work. Have the plurals housen, (which was formerly used as the plural in the English for houses), oxen, men, women, children, &c., any analogy to this? Undoubtedly they have.

65. Other words are formed into plurals by the addition of to the singulars; these, for the most part, are given in the work after their singulars.

66. There are other words that only require to be added to the singular.

67. Some singular words, ending in, change the  to , to pluralize them; as,  (war);  (wars);  (help); (helps), &c.

68. Other words ending in, change the  to ; as,  (sheaf);  (sheaves) &c.

69. Other singulars ending in and,  change the  and  to ; as,  (a child);  (children);  (a word);  (words).

70. Some few singulars ending in, change the to ; as,  (a tree);  (trees);  (a town or estate);   (towns or estates), &c.

71. The termination of singulars in, for the most part to pluralize them, changes the to ; as,  (a lobster);  (lobsters), &c.

72. The ending of singulars in, , , or , sometimes changes to ; as, (woollen cloth);  (woollen cloths); , singular; , plural;  (wheat);  (wheats);  (a shilling);  (shillings).

73. There are other formations of plurals in the middle of words; as, (a son);  (sons).

74. Others by changing or, to ; as, (a fist);  (fists);  (a stool);  (stools).

75. The changing of to  makes plural in some words; as,  to, &c.