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 TIR 124 TRA TiRWHiT. See Lapwing, TiTYRUs. See Musimon. Toad. A small batrachian reptile. P. 30, f. 10. Tobacco Plant. P. 44, Tobacco Leaf, borne by Hutton. i.d. Tod. a Fox, borne by the name of Todhunter. ToisoN d'or. The golden fleece. P. 22, f. 29. Tomahawk. An Indian war-axe, de- picted as a Pole-axe. P. 37, f. 27. Tombs. See Monuments. ToMB-STOXE. P. 42, f. 53. Tongs. See Closing Tongs. P. 41, f. 23. ToNGYS. Langued, or tongued. Ton. See Tun. f. 31. A fanged tootli. P. 42, f. 52. Tooth. Topaz. A precious stone, used to ex- press gold in blazoning by precious stones. Top-BOOTS. P. 3S, f. 15. Tops. Also termed pla3ung tops. P. 42, f. 29. Tor, or Conical-hill. ToRCE, or Torse. See Veath. Torch. A flambeau, or firebrand. P. 41, f. 47. ToRGANT. See Torqued. Torn. An ancient name for spinning wheel. ToRQUED. Wreathed, bowed-embowed. P. 30, f. 28, No. 2, and f. 55. Torqued. A dolphin haurient is some- times said to be a Dolphin Torqued. P. 32, f. 2. Torquened. The same as torqued. ToRTEAU, (plural Torteaux) a red roundle, termed in French cerises, cherries. P. i. By some termed Wastell-cake. ToRTEYs. An old term for Torteux. ToRTiLLE. Novved, twisted, or wreathed. P. 30, f. 25. Tortoise. Always depictcvd as. P. 30, f. 5, if not expressed to the contrar}-. Touchstone. See Flintstone. Tournaments, Tilts, and Justs. These exercises were always performed on horseback, (although the riders when both were dismounted, might con- tinue the combat on foot,) and were called Justs, because they partook of the nature of regular battle, or because the knights directed their horses straight at each other and Tourna- ments from the French "Tourner," because great skill was required in wlieeling uid iiandling tlic charger. Single Knights tilted with each other, but when two parties engaged in a sort of general action it was termed a tournament. The weapons used were lances, swords, maces, and axes The lances were sometimes sharp, but more usually had a blunted head, called from its peculiar shape a Cronel. Combats fought entirely on foot are by some writers termed tournaments but impro^jerly. They were always judicial combats, fought " en champ c'os" with axes and daggers. When any knights wished to distinguish themselves by holding a Tournament they caused notice to be given that they would be ready at such a place to meet all comers in the lists, sometimes even naming how many courses they would run with the lance, and how many strokes exchange with sword or axe. Both those who gave and those who accepted these challenges, appeared armed cap-a-pie, with their Surcoats, Wreaths, Crests, Man- tles, Shields, and with their horses Barbed and Caprisoned ; their Esquires carrying their pennons of arms before them. A Knight on coming near the barriers, blew a horn in token of defiance, when the at- tendant Heralds received his name, bearings, and proof of his gentle blood ; though these l)oints were not always insisted on. This being settled, the champions charged each other from opposite ends of the lists after having saluted the President of the Tourney and the Ladies, and if either of them was luihorsed, lost his lance, stirrup, helmet, or wounded his opponents horse, he was van- quished; if both parties broke fairly their lances on each other, in the courses which they had agreed to run^ they parted on equal terms. Tourne. Turned towards the sinister. Tower and Sword. Badge of. P. 25, a. f. 8. Tower. Always depicted as P. 23, f. 8, tmless differently blazoned. A Tower is said to be Masoned when the cement is of a different tincture from the stones. Az. a fess or. betw. three Towers ar. are borne by Dasent of Ascott. Berks. TOWKR AVANT MUR. P. 23, f. I. Tower Breached, i.d. f. 8. Tower Domed, i.d. f. 12. Tower Inflamed, i.d. f. 12. Tower with Scaling ladder, i.d. f. g. Tower-Tripple towered chain trans- verse, i.d, f. II. Tower-Tripple towered, i.d. f. 10, and P. 4, f. 21. See other examples at plate 23. Towered or Turretted. Having towers or turrets, TowRE, Pynakelyd and Imbatayled, Old English for Tower, roof and embattle- ments. Trace, Tract, or Traile, The Tressure is so termed by Upton. Trai-algar-Mldal. p. 25, f. 10.