Page:A cyclopedia of American medical biography vol. 2.djvu/162

 McLOrCHLIN

MO

MacNAUGHTON

Medical News," and president of the Maritime I\Iedical Association, was born at Uic. Scotland, June 13, 1845, the third son of the Rev. Samuel MacLeod. He graduated M. D. from the McGill Med- ical College, Montreal, and at the time of his death was well known as a promi- nent surgeon in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, and for his work in connection with the two hospitals there. He married Margaret Alma Gates, and died in 1900.

endowed with absolute power as cliief factor of the Hudson Bay Company west of the Rocky Mountains, yet— the story is too long to give here— he said when near death " I might better have been shot forty years ago. I planted all I had here and the government has con- fiscated my estates." Worried by men- dacity and ingratitude he died a broken- hearted man, at Oregon City, September 3, 1857, and was buried among the Roman Catholics, he having joined their church in middle life.

McLoughlin, John (1784-1857).

John McLoughlin, kno^\•n to Americans as the "Father of Oregon" and to the Indians as the "Great \Miite Chief," was born October 19, 1784, in La Ri\dere du Loup, Canada, son of John McLoughUn, an Irishman and AngeUque Fraser, a Scotch-Canadian, both Roman Catholics. There were seven children, John coming second. He was educated in Canada and Scotland and on his return to Canada joined the Northwest Company, in 1821 being put in charge of Fort WilUam. There he married the widow of a fur trader, Alexander Mackay, and had four children, Eliza, John, Eloisa and David.

He came overland to Fort George (Asto- toria) in 1824, then founded and remained in Fort Vancouver twenty-two years. The Indian population of Oregon numbered some 100,000; the state was half as large again as Germany and he had no one on whom to depend save the few subordinates of the company with him, yet, through his strong justice, no wars occurred during his rule and he firmly stopped the sale of liquor to Indians by excluding the sale of it even to the whites.

When the American immigration set in (184.3-5) McLoughlin, through sternly ob- servant of his loyalty to the Hudson Bay Company, aided in the usual immigration- al distress with food, farming suppUes and medical help, often doing all this at his own expense. He founded Oregon City and opened up the country; he adverted a war between the United States and Great Britam; smoothed the way for mission- aries and preserved his integrity when

Dr. John McLoughlin. Frederick V. Hol-

man, 1907.

Marcus Whitman. Myron Eells, 1909.

MacNaughton, James (1796-1874).

One of the founders of the City Hos- pital, Albany, and surgeon-general of that state, James MacNaughton, who came over to the United States in 1817, hved here some fifty-seven years and became known as a leading surgeon.

He was born on December 10, 1796, at Kenmore, Scotland, and entered Edinburgh University when sixteen. Graduating M. D., four years later he took a ship's surgeoncy and landed at Quebec, afterwards settling in Albany and re- maining there the rest of his life, mar- rying the daughter of a Mr. Nicholas Mclntyre who had befriended him on

1 arrival.

When he was appointed professor ot anatomy and physiology in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the western district of New York the number of students increased from 100 to over 230 and the same success attended him when called to the chair of the theory and practice of medicme in Albany College. During the epidem- ic of Asiatic cholera in Albany, 1832, he was unwearied in his efforts to check the disease and provide hospitals.

He died in Paris of heart disease, while away on a holiday on the eleventh of June, 1874.

Obit. Notice by Prof. W. J. Tucker. Trans, of the Med. Soc. of the State of New \ork Med. and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1874,

vol. XXX.