Page:A cyclopedia of American medical biography vol. 2.djvu/161

 McLaughlin

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MacLeod

rence was born in 1817 but had his medical education in Edinburgh and took the diploma of the Royal College of Surgeons there. After grad- uation he began to practice in Richi- bucto, New Brunswick, where he re- mained twenty-five years. Then he removed to St. John, New Brunswick, and continued in active work there until a short time before his death, which took place in September, 1892.

He was especially distinguished as a surgeon, and did a goodly number of important and successful operations, among which we may mention ligature of the common carotid artery and sev- eral lithotomies. He was at one time a member of the New Brunswick Med- ical Council, and for several years was on the staff of the St. John Public Hospital.

His wife was Jane M. Jardine of Liverpool, and they had ten children. Two of his sons studied medicine, and graduated at the university of Edinburgh.

A. B. A.

McLaughhn, James Wharton (1840- 1909).

James Wharton McLaughlin is best known for his indefatigable labors in the search for truth in the chemical and biological laboratories, his researches as to the causes of immunity and infection, and especially his discovery of the bacillus of dengue, all of which were published in the medical journals of America and Europe.

Briefly summed up, his record is that he was born on September 7, 1840, and came south just prior to the Civil War, enlisting as a private soldier in Company D, First Kentucky Infan- try (C. S. A.), and served through the entire war with Johnson, Jackson, Morgan and Forrest, then settled in La Grange, Texas, studied medicine, and graduated at Tulane, New Orleans, in 1867. He met and married in Sep- tember, 1867, Tabitha Bird Moore, of Fayette County, and returning to

La Grange practised medicine until 1869, then removed to Austin, and died there on November 13, 1909, survived by his wife, three sons, Dr. Bird McLaughlin, of New York; Dr. Cyrus McLaughhn, of California, and Dr. James W. McLaughlin, Jr., of Austin, and three daughters, Evelyn, Minnie and Frances.

He practised for forty years in Austin saving for an interval of eight years when he occupied the chair of practice in the University of Galveston. In 1894 he was president of the Texas State Medical Association and a university regent.

His interest in his work was very keen even to the end. The Mayos of Rochester had extirpated his entire cervical and maxillary glandular system in the desperate hope of arresting the dread cancer, which, beginning on the lip, spread downwards. His paper — his favorite theme — "Theory of Im- munity by Wave Interference and Catalysis" — as opposed to that of Ehrlich — had only recently appeared in the "New York Medical Record," and a week before he died he discussed his presidential address for the Texas Academy of Science on the subject of Ehrhch's "Side Chain Theory of Immunity." which Dr. Hilgartner was to read for him. Some of his other papers were:

" Researches into the Etiology of Dengue," 1886.

"An Explanation of the Phenomena of Immunity and Contagion Based on the Action of Physical and Biological Laws," 1890.

"Fermentation, Infection and Im- munity," 1892.

"The Bacteriology of Dengue," 1896.

D. W.

From The Texas Medical Journal, Dec, 1909. Phys. and Surgs. of America, Dr. Watson.

MacLeod, James (1845-1900).

James MacLeod, foremost in securing the passage of the medical law for the province, editor of the "Maritime