Page:A cyclopedia of American medical biography vol. 2.djvu/122

LLOYD Gen. John M. Thayer, who later became governor of Nebraska, always spoke in the warmest terms of the activity and ability of Dr. Livingston. He continued to advance, in the summer of 1863 being promoted to the position of commander of the St. Louis Post and a few months later commander of the district. In the spring of 1865 he was brevet brigadier-general and in July of the same year was mustered out.

He was one of the charter members of both the Nebraska State Medical Society and the Omaha Medical College, having served on the faculty of the latter as professor of the principles and practice of surgery.

In the State Medical Society he was for many years the moving spirit. The circular which called the first convention of physicians together for its organization was written and issued by him. He served in 1872 as its president, also he wrote much of the material in the early volumes of the "Transactions" and one on the "Progress of Surgery" which appeared in the "Transactions" of 1884. H. W. O.

Lloyd, James (1726–1810).

According to J. M. Toner (Address on "Medical Biography," Philadelphia, 1876) Dr. Lloyd was the first surgeon in America to use ligatures instead of searing wounds with the actual cautery, and to use the double flap in amputation. He also performed lithotomy and was the first in Massachusetts to devote himself wholly to obstetrics. For nearly sixty years he was the great physician and surgeon of New England and a warm advocate of inoculation for the small-pox.

He was the youngest of ten children born to Henry Lloyd, a Boston merchant, son of James Lloyd, who probably came from Bristol, England, in 1670. James was born on Long Island, state of New York, and educated in Stamford and New Haven, Connecticut. When seventeen he began his medical studies with Dr. William Clark, of Boston, and after five years sailed to London, where he spent two years as dresser at Guy's Hospital. While in London he attended lectures by William Hunter and William Smellie, then returned to Boston primed with all the latest knowledge of midwifery and surgery, and shortly, because of his attainments, acquired a large practice. Having acquired from Smellie's scientific method of teaching obstetrics a new conception of that science as a distinct branch, he practised and taught midwifery in a manner different from any of his predecessors.

Harvard conferred the honorary degree of M. D. on him in 1790. He was also an incorporator of the Massachusetts Medical Society.

Dr. Lloyd died in March, 1810, leaving a son James, who graduated from Harvard College in 1787 and was a United States Senator.

W. L. B.

Lloyd, Zachary (1701–1756). Born in Boston, Massachusetts, on the fifteenth of November, 1701, he studied medicine with Dr. Kearsley, Sr., in Philadelphia, and in 1723 went abroad to continue his medical studies. He began practice in Philadelphia in 1726 and was one of the Founders of the College of Philadelphia, also assisted to found the Pennsylvania Hospital, serving as one of the members of its first medical staff, and at his death bequeathing to it 350 pounds and a number of books. He was at one