Page:A cyclopedia of American medical biography vol. 1.djvu/299

 CLEVELAND

CLEVELAND

A. Birchard of Cambridge, Pennsylvania, and had two children, Mary Caroline and William, the little daughter dying when she was four years old.

During the rebellion he held various positions, serving under Gens. Mitchell and Rosencrans and as medical inspec- tor of hospitals. The consulship at St. Petersburg was offered him, but he had just accepted and wished to keep the professorship of the principles of surgery and surgical anatomy in the Miami Medical College. He was also professor of descriptive and surgical anatomy and of operative and clinical surgery in the same college, and on the surgical staff of the Cincinnati Hospital.

He died of acute pulmonary tuber- culosis on Sunday morning May 3, 1885, in Cincinnati. M. S. M.

From a Memorial Sketch by Dr. W. H. Falls,

Cleveland, Emmeline Horton (1S29- 1878).

It was in 1638 that the Horton family left England for America and down through six generations of ancestors, men and women who held culture, courage, and honor high, Emmeline Horton traced her descent.

She was born at Ashford, Connecticut, September 22, 1829. As a child Emme- line showed hereditary tendency to phthisis, but apparently outgrew this. She was possessed of much personal beauty. Her father dying when she was nineteen it was largely owing to her own efforts in teaching that she made enough to go on studying. She entered Overlin College, Ohio, in 1850, graduated in 1853, and at once entered the Woman's Medical College of Pennsyl- vania with the intention of fitting herself to be a medical missionary with her husband, the Rev. Giles Cleveland whom Bhe married in March, 1854. In the autumn she continued her medical studies and received her M. D. in 1855. Mr. Cleveland's health proved a barrier to their missionary hopes, and in 1856 the

position of demonstrator of anatomy was accepted by Dr. Cleveland in her alma mater. Thenceforwards her rare gifts were used untiringly to the honor and up- lift of her profession. The death of her husband in 1857 laid a heavy burden of sorrow upon her, the widow with her little son.

Intense prejudice then existed among the profession against the Woman's Medical School of Pennsylvania, and its non-recognition by the Philadelphia County Medical Society made the prob- lem of securing adequate teachers very difficult; so in 1S60 with the assistance of the founders of the Woman's Hospital of Philadelphia, Dr. Cleveland went a- broad to fit herself as lecturer on obstet- rics, and found in Europe the instruction and inspiration her own country could not afford, entering and graduating at the school of obstetrics, connected with the Paris Maternity. Some idea of the qual- ity of her work is gathered from the fact that in addition to her diploma and in spite of the difficulties of study in a foreign language, she carried off five prizes, two of them firsts, credentials giving her ready access to any European hospitals. Availing herself of this she afterwards returned to the States, where the post of resident physician to the newly chartered hospital awaited her. From the chair of anatomy she was called to that of obstet- rics, which position she held until death. Her surgical work in gynecology was brilliant, and history records her as the first woman ovariotomist. So good was her work, that only a few counter votes kept her out of the Philadelphia Obstet- rical Society, but the year before herdea t h a paper written by her was accepted and printed in their "Transactions."

Not in the fullness of years, but of achievement, Dr. Cleveland died of consumption at the age of forty-nine. When the end drew near she asked to be buried beside her friend Dr. Ann Preston; together they had wrought, together they would rest, and the desire was full- filled in Fair Hill Cemetery.

A. B. W.