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CHADWICK

Geological Institute of Vienna in 1861. The degree of LL. D. was also given to him in 1S59 by Jefferson College, Mississippi.

Of his writings very few specimens have been preserved, excepting his official reports of the geological survey of New York. He was frequently called upon by the courts for expert testimony on questions of scientific interest and importance, and his opin- ions were always received with the ut- most confidence.

The faculty room of the Medical Department of the Western Reserve University in Cleveland contains a good portrait in oil of Dr. Cassels, and an excellent engraving will be found in the parlors of the Cleveland Medical Library Association. II. E. H.

Cleave's Biographical Cyclopedia of the .State of Ohio, No. 1, Cuyahoga County. Philadel- phia, 1875.

CathralL Isaac (1763-1819).

A native of Philadelphia, he studied medicine under Dr. John Redman then went abroad to add to his knowledge in London, Edinburgh and Paris. During the yellow-fever epidemic of 1793, 1797-9 he distinguished himself by remaining in the city and doing valiant work, losing no opportunity to study also the disease scientifically and performing autopsies on some of the victims. The results of these studies were embodied in several publi- cations, and in 1802 he, with Dr. William Currie, published their observations on an epidemic fever prevailing that year in Philadelphia. He also wrote a medical sketch of the "Synochus Maligna or Maligna nt Contagious Fever as it lately appeared in the city of Philadelphia," 17'Jl, and edited " Buchan's Domestic Medicine, adapted to the Climate and Diseases of America," Philadelphia, 1797.

He died on the twenty-second of Feb- ruary, 1819, of apoplexy; and Thacher describes him as "a well-bred gentleman of rigid morality and inflexible integrity. F. R. P.

Thacher. Amer. Med. Biog.

Chadwick, James Read (1844-1905).

James Read Chadwick, son of Chris- topher Chadwick, a Boston merchant, was born in Boston, November 2, 1844, and educated in the public schools and in Harvard College where he graduated with the class of 1S65. After an extend- ed trip abroad, he entered the Harvard Medical School where he took his M. D. in 1S71, in this year marrying Katherine M., daughter of Dr. George H. Lyman, one of the Boston pioneers in gynecology. Dr. Chadwick took his wife to Europe and pursued his medical studies in Berlin, Vienna, Paris and London for a period of two years, giving more particular atten- tion to the study of the diseases of women. On his return to Boston in 1S73 he built the house No. 270 Clarendon Street, which was his home during his lifetime.

He was the moving spirit in the selec- tion of the men who were to compose the American Gynecological Society and at its foundation in 1S76 he became its sec- retary. In 1897 he was president and always manifested a lively interest in its affairs. From 1875 to 1882 Dr. Chad- wick was physician to out-patients at the Boston City Hospital and for many years conducted a private dispensary for the treatment of diseases of women when he gave instruction to the students of the Harvard Medical School, being clinical in- structor in gynecology from 1881 to 1887.

One life interest of Dr. Chadwick was medical libraries. An ardent book-lover, an omnivorous reader, he believed that the library is the heart of our system of education. The formation of the Boston Medical Library in 1875 was brought about by his inspiration. It was his buoyant optimism, his contagious enthu- siasm, which interested Oliver W. Holmes in the library. Holmes spoke of him as the untiring, imperturable, tena- cious, irrepressible, all-subduing agita- tor, who gave no sleep to his eyes, no slumber to his eyelids, until he had gained his ends, who neither rested nor let others rest until the success of his project was assured, he Tbuilding of the library on the Fenway was the result of his initia-