Page:A cyclopedia of American medical biography vol. 1.djvu/270

 CAMPBELL

100

CAPELLE

Sciences of St. Petersburg; corresponding member of the Royal Medical Society Sweden; honorary member of the Ameri- can Academy of Medicine.

During the Civil War Dr. Campbell was surgeon and Medical Director of the Georgia Military Hospitals at Richmond, Virginia. He was also one of the collab- orators on the "Manual of Military Sur- gery," prepared by order of the surgeon- general for the use of the surgeons of the Confederate Army, contributing the section on the ligation of arteries to that work, a section said to be the most suc- cinct and graphic presentation of this subject in the English language.

Dr. Campbell was a voluminous writer on scientific and literary subjects. His contributions are chiefly in the "New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal," "Transactions of the American Medical Association;" "Transactions of the Ameri- can Surgical Association;" "Transactions of the American Gynecological Society;" the "American Journal of Obstetrics," and in the "Southern Medical and Sur- gical Journal," of which he was some time editor.

In 1846 he married Sarah Bosworth, eldest daughter of Amory Sibley of Augusta, Georgia, and had one child, a daughter. J. E. A.

Virginia Med. Month., 1880, vol. vii (L. B.

Edwards).

Tr. Am. Surg. Ass., Phila., 1892, x (W. T.

Briggs).

There is a portrait in the Surg. -gen. Lib.,

Wash., D. C.

Campbell, Matthew (1S19-1902).

Matthew Campbell was of Irish descent and born near Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, on March 18, 1819.

A self-made man, he was in early life a glass blower. When twenty-four he attended the University of Pennsylvania yet did not graduate there, but graduated when in practice at Winchester (Virginia) Medical College in 1853.

After practising at Fairmont, Virginia, and Wheeling, in 1857 he became chief surgeon to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, attending the employes who

were building the road and removing to Grafton, West Virginia, the most central point for his work. He remained in Grafton during the troublous times of the Civil War, but removed to Parkers- burg in 1S64. He established small hos- pitals along the railroad; an urgent necessity, for in three years he had 1,100 cases of injury to attend. He was in all probability the pioneer railroad surgeon of the United States and known all along as the "Railroad Doctor." In 1875 he was elected president of the West Vir- ginia Medical Society. With Dr. Sher- man of the United States Army, he had in 1864 the first successful case of ovariotomy in West Virginia, and paid much attention to operations for vesico- vaginal fistula, operating successfully in several cases. During his service on the railroad he adopted the use of the cold pack for typhoid fever, with very good results. He told me he was led to it by hearing an old English blacksmith tell of its use in England.

He married twice: first to Margaret Ellenor Axter; one son, Dr. John Camp- bell of Wheeling, surviving. His second wife was Ellen Carney of Fairmont, West Virginia, by whom he had two sons and a daughter. Few medical men were better known in the state than Campbell, and his death at Parkersburg in 1902 left a blank which only a great man could fill. W. H. S.

Capelle, Joseph Philippe Eugene (1757- 1796).

He was born at Laurie in Flanders (an old province of France) in 1757, of French parentage and was a man of fine scientific acquirements and came to America to share in the struggle for independence. He served with Counts de Rochambeau and de Grasse, later being transferred to the staff of Lafayette at the general's request and serving thereon until the end of the war.

He received his education and medical degree in France.

Dr. Capelle was one of the incorpora- tors of the Delaware Medical Society in