Page:A critical and exegetical commentary on Genesis (1910).djvu/98

 —, 'swarming things': 1$20$ 7$21$ + (only in P and Dt. 14$19$).—: 1$22. 28$ 8$17$ 9$1. 7$ 17$20$ 28$3$ 35$11$ 47$27$ 48$4$ (Ex. 1$7$, Lv. 26$9$; elsewhere only Jer. 3$18$ [inverted], 23$3$, Ezk. 36$11$).—: 1$29. 30$ 6$21$ 9$3$ + (elsewhere only in Ezk. (10 times), and (as inf.) Jer. 12$9$).—: 10$32$ 25$13$ + (elsewhere 1 Ch. 5$7$ 7$2. 4. 9$ 8$28$ 9$9. 34$ 26$31$). The phrase [] occurs in P 10 times in Gen. (see p. xxxiv), and in Nu. 3$1$; elsewhere only Ru. 4$18$, 1 Ch. 1$29$.—: 6$17$ 7$21$ 25$8. 17$ 35$29$ 49$33$ + (elsewhere poetical: Zec. 13$8$, Ps. 88$16$ 104$29$, La. 1$19$, and 8 times in Jb.).—,, etc. (appended to enumerations): 6$18$ 7$7. 13$ 8$16. 18$ 9$8$ 28$4$ 46$6. 7$ +.—, etc. (after 'seed'): 9$9$ 17$7. 8. 9. 10. 19$ 35$12$ 48$4$ +.—: 7$13$ 17$23. 26$ +; only in P and Ezk. 2$3$ 24$2$ 40$1$ (Jos. 10$27$ redactional).——: 8$19$ 10$5. 20. 31$ 36$40$ + (very often in P: elsewhere only Nu. 11$10$ [JE], 1 Sa. 10$21$, 1 Ch. 5$7$ 6$47. 48$).—: 9$16$ 17$7. 13. 19$ +, only in P.—: 17$2. 6. 29$ + Ex. 1$7$; elsewhere only Ezk. 9$9$ 16$13$.—: 12$5$ 13$6$ 31$18$ 36$7$ 46$6$ +; elsewhere Gn. 14$11. 12. 16. 21$ 15$14$; and 15 times in Ch. Ezr. Dn.—: 12$5$ 31$18$ 36$6$ 46$6$ +.— (= 'person'): 12$5$ 36$6$ 46$15. 18. 22. 25. 26. 27$ +; "much more frequent in P than elsewhere."——: 17$7. 9. 12$ + 36 times (only in P).—: 17$8$ 28$4$ 36$7$ 37$1$ 47$9$ + Ex. 6$4$; elsewhere Ezk. 20$38$, Ps. 55$16$ 119$54$, Jb. 18$19$ +.—: 17$8$ 23$4. 9. 20$ 36$43$ 47$11$ 48$4$ 49$30$ 50$13$ +. Often in Ezk. (44$28$ 45$5. 6. 7. 8$ 46$16. 18$ 48$20. 21. 22$); elsewhere Ps. 2$8$, 1 Ch. 7$28$ 9$2$ [= Neh. 11$3$], 2 Ch. 11$14$ 31$1$ +.—: 17$12. 13. 23. 27$ 23$18$ + (confined to P except Jer. 32$11. 12. 14. 16$).— (= 'father's kin'): 17$14$ 25$8. 17$ 35$29$ 49$33$ + (also Ezk. 18$18$; elsewhere Ju. 5$14$?, Ho. 10$14$ +).—: 23$4$ + 10 times (also 1 Ki. 17$1$?, 1 Ch. 29$15$, Ps. 39$13$).—: 31$18$ [34$23$] 36$6$ + (outside of P, only Ezk. 38$12f.$; Pr. 4$7$, Ps. 104$24$ 105$21$).

In the choice of synonymous expressions, P exhibits an exclusive preference for in the sense of 'beget' over  (in the genealogies of J), and for the form  of the 1st pers. pron. ( only in Gn. 23$4$).

Geographical designations peculiar to P$g$ are: Kiryath-'Arba (for Hebron) 23$2$ 35$27$ +; Machpelah, 23$9. 17. 19$ 25$9$ 49$30$ 50$13$ +; Paddan-Aram, 25$20$ 28$2. 5. 6. 7$ 31$18$ 33$18$ 35$9. 26$ 46$15$ +.—To these may be added, 11$31$ 12$5$ 13$12$ 16$3$ 17$8$ 23$2. 19$ 31$18$ 33$18$ 35$6$ 37$1$ +; the expression is found in JE only in the Joseph-section (chs. 42, 44, 45, 47). P$g$ has without only in (28$1$ 36$2$).

In view of all these and similar peculiarities (for the list is by no means exhaustive), the attempt to obliterate the linguistic and stylistic distinction between P and JE (Eerdmans) is surely a retrograde step in criticism.

The date of the composition of P$g$ lies between the promulgation of the Deuteronomic law (621 ), and the post-Exilic reformation under Ezra and Nehemiah (444). It is later than Deut., because it assumes without question the centralisation of worship at one sanctuary, which in Dt. is only held up as an ideal to be realised by a radical reform of established usage. A nearer determination of date depends on questions of the internal analysis of P which are too complex to be entered on here. That the