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the servant of the ; the officers confined in his 'house'; Joseph 'with them' ($10$, cf. 40$3. 4$); and comp. $11$ with 40$5$. In the first half of the chapter there is no sufficient reason to suspect a second source except in $14b$ (J); the repetitions and slight variations are not greater than can be readily explained by a desire for variety in the elaboration of detail. The whole of this section ($1-28$) may therefore be safely assigned to E (cf., $8$, , $15$ with 40$8a$; $16$ with 40$8b$).—In the second half, however, there are slight diversities of expression and representation which show that a parallel narrative (J) has been freely utilised. Thus, in $33$ Joseph recommends the appointment of a single dictator, in $34$ the appointment of 'overseers'; in $34$ a fifth part is to be stored, in $35. 48$ all the corn of the good years; in $35bα$ the collection is to be centralised under the royal authority, in $b_β$ localised in the different cities; alternates with ($35bα. 49 ‖ 35a. 48$). Further, $38$ seems $39$; $41 44$; and $45b 46b$; $45a$ ( = ) can hardly be from E, who has employed the name for another person (37$36$). Some of these differences may, no doubt, prove to be illusory; but taken cumulatively they suffice to prove that the passage is composite, although a satisfactory analysis cannot be given. For details, see the notes below; and consult Ho. 234; Gu. 380 f.; Pro. 43 f.—$46a$ is from P, and $50b$ is a gloss.

1-8. Pharaoh's dreams.—2. from the Nile (v.i.)] the source of Egypt's fertility (Erman, LAE, 425 ff.), worshipped as 'the father of the gods,' and at times identified with Osiris or Amon-re (Erman, Handbook, 14 f., 80 ff.).—seven cows, etc.] "According to Diod. Sic. i. 51, the male ox is the symbol of the Nile, and sacred to Osiris, the inventor of agriculture (ib. i. 21) The Osiris-steer often appears accompanied by seven cows, e.g. on the vignettes of the old and new Book of the Dead" (ATLO$2$, 389).—4. The devouring of one set of cows by the other is a fantastic but suggestive feature of the dream; the symbolism is almost transparent.

1. ] Participial cl. as apodosis; see Dri. T. § 78 (3).—] An Eg. loan-word (iotr, io'r = 'stream'), used in OT of the Nile and its canals (except Is. 33$21$, Jb. 28$10$, Dn. 12$5ff.$); found also in Ass. in the form ya'aru. See Ebers, 337 f.; Steindorff, BA, i. 612 (cf. 171).—2. (41$18$, Jb. 8$11$† ) 'Nile-grass' = Eg. aḥu, from aḥa, 'be green' (Ebers, 338). G occurs also vv.$3. 19$, Is. 19$7$, Sir. 40$16$.—3. ] [E] (so v.$4$). It is naturally difficult to decide which is right; but Ba. pertinently points to the alliterations as determining the choice: read therefore in $3. 4. 19. 20. 27$, but  in $6. 23$,—in other words,  always of the cows and  always of the ears.—] G om., thus making all the 14 cows stand together.—4. ] G + ; so $7. 20 24$. G has many similar variations (which need not be noted), revealing a tendency to introduce uniformity into the description.