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 (10) ] see on v.$7$ (p. 203). The general connexion suggests that the Sabæans are already established in Yemen; although, if 'Ûzāll] be as far N as Medina, the inference is perhaps not quite certain.

(11) ] known to the Israelites as a gold-producing country (Is. 13$12$, Ps. 45$10$, Jb. 22$24$ 28$16$, 1 Ch. 29$4$ [Sir. 7$18$]), visited by the ships of Solomon and Hiram, which brought home not only gold and silver and precious stones, but almug-wood, ivory, apes and (?) peacocks (1 Ki. 9$28$ 10$11. 22$; cf. 22$49$). Whether this familiarity with the name implies a clear notion of its geographical position may be questioned; but it can hardly be doubted that the author of the Yahwistic Table believed it to be in Arabia; and although no name at all resembling Ophir has as yet been discovered in Arabia, that remains the most probable view (see Glaser, Skizze, ii. 357-83). Of other identifications the most important are: Abhira in India, E of the mouths of the Indus (Lassen); (2) the Sofala coast (opposite Madagascar), behind which remains of extensive gold-diggings were discovered around Zimbabwe in 1871: the ruins, however, have now been proved to be of native African origin, and not older than the 14th or 15th cent. A.D. (see D. Randall-Maciver, Mediæval Rhodesia [1906]); (3) Apir (originally Hapir), an old name for the ruling race in Elam, and for the coast of the Persian Gulf around Bushire (see Homm. AHT, 236$4$; Hüsing, OLz, vi. 367 ff.; Jen. ZDMG, l. 246). If we could suppose the name transferred to the opposite (Arabian) coast of the gulf, this hypothesis would satisfy the condition required by this passage, and would agree in particular with Glaser's localisation. For a discussion of the various theories, see the excellent summary by Che. in EB, iii. 3513 ff.; Price, DB, iii. 626 ff.; and Dri. Gen.$2$ XXVI. f., 131.

(12) ] see p. 202.

(13) ] unknown. Halevy and Glaser (ii. 303) compare the Sabæan name Yuhaibab.

The limits (probably from N to S) of the Yoḳṭanite territory are specified in v.$30$; but a satisfactory explanation is impossible owing to the uncertainty of the three names mentioned in it (Di.).— has been supposed to be Mesene [, Maisān), within the Delta of the Euphrates-Tigris (Ges. Th. 823; Tu.); but the antiquity of this name is not established. Di., following G, reads (see on 25$14$) in N Arabia. This as northern limit would just include Diḳlah, if Glaser's identification, given above, be correct.—  is generally acknowledged to be Ẓafār in the S of Arabia. There were two places of the name: one in the interior of Yemen, N of Aden; the other (now pronounced Iṣfār or Isfār) on the coast of Mahra, near Mirbāt. The latter was the capital of the Himyarite kings (Ges. Th. 968; DB, iv. 437; EB, iv. 4370). Which of the two is here meant is a matter of little consequence.—] It is difficult to say whether this is an apposition to (Tu. al.), or a definition of, or is a continuation of the line beyond . On the first view the 'mountain' might be the highlands of central Arabia (Neǧd); the second is recommended by the fact that the eastern Ẓafār lies at the foot of a high mountain, well adapted to serve as a landmark. The third view is not