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 BEOWN

BEOWN-SEQUAED

with a great dislike of anything of the nature of priestcraft.&quot; D. Oct. 6, 1893.

BROWN, George William, M.D.,

American reformer. B. Oct., 1820. At the age of eighteen Brown was expelled from the Baptist Church for denying the reality of hell. He edited the Kansas Herald of Freedom, and in 1856 had his office raided by the pro-slavery crowd. He contributed to the Eationalist journals of America, and wrote Researches in Jeivish History.

BROWN, Titus L., M.D., American physician. B. Oct. 16, 1823. Ed. Medical College, New York, and the Homoeopathic College, Philadelphia. While engaged in medical practice at New York, Dr. Brown openly assisted the Eationalist cause in America. He contributed to the Boston Investigator, and he was in 1877 President of the Freethinkers Association. He was an avowed Materialist. D. Aug. 17, 1887.

BROWN, Walston Hill, banker and contractor. B. 1842. Ed. Columbia Uni versity. He was admitted to the American Bar in 1868, but he preferred business, and in 1869 he joined his father in founding the banking firm of A. J. Brown and Son. He was also a partner in Merriam and Brown, and later of the contracting firm, Brown, Howard, and Co., which in 1872 became the banking firm, Walston H. Brown and Co. Mr. Brown married Inger- soll s daughter Eva, and is, like her, an Agnostic. Their home in New York is a fine and hospitable centre of enlighten ment. In connection with his various firms Mr. Brown has carried through many large undertakings, especially in railway con struction, and he is a Fellow of the National Academy of Design.

BROWN, Bishop William Mont gomery, D.D. B. Sep. 4, 1855. Ed. Seabury Hall and Gambier (Ohio). In 1884 he entered the ministry of the Ameri can Episcopal Church ; and he became Archdeacon of the diocese of Ohio in 1891, 117

Bishop-coadjutor of Arkansas in 1898, and Bishop of Arkansas in 1900. He resigned in 1912, and, though he retains the title of Bishop, he has published a series of bold and drastic criticisms of the supernatural claims of Christianity (The Level Plan for Church Union, 1910, etc.). He emphati cally rejects &quot; uniquism &quot; and stands for a very liberal Theism.

BROWN-SEQUARD, Professor Charles Edward, LL.D., M.D., F.E.S., F.E.C.P., physiologist. B. Apr. 8, 1817. He had a little schooling in Mauritius, where he was born, and became a clerk, but his French mother saved money and took him to study medicine in France. It was in recognition of her sacrifices that he adopted her maiden name (Sequard). In 1849 he was appointed auxiliary physician at Gros-Caillou Military Hos pital. Throughout these early and difficult years he pursued the studies in neural physiology which made him famous. In 1852 he took part in the Eepublican and anti-clerical movement against Napoleon III, and was compelled to fly to America. In 1854 he showed such heroic conduct during an epidemic of cholera in Mauritius that the authorities struck a gold medal in his honour. He was appointed professor of medicine in the Virginia Medical College in the following year, but after a few months he returned to France and, receiv ing an award from the Academy of Sciences, devoted himself to research. He edited the Journal de Physiologic (1858-64), lectured at the London Eoyal College of Surgeons (1858), and delivered the Croonian Lecture (1861). From 1859 to 1363 he was physician to the London National Hospital for the Paralysed and Epileptic, from 1863 to 1868 professor of the physiology and pathology of the nervous system at Harvard University, from 1869 to 1872 professor of pathology at Paris University, in 1877 professor of physiology at Geneva, and from 1878 to 1894 professor of experimental medicine at the College de France. He won the

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