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 STOSCH

STEANGE

education. In Germany she is well known as a writer on child-welfare and ethical and social questions (Nietzsche uncl die Frauen, Die Liebe und die Frauen, etc.). She is a member of the Goethe Society and the Progressive Women s League ; and she is President of the Society for the Pro tection of Mothers, and editor of Die Neue Generation. She is a Monist and great admirer of Haeckel (see her article in Was V/ir Ernst Haeckel Verdanken, ii, 324-28).

STOSCH, Friedrich Wilhelm, German writer. B. about 1660. Stosch was a son of the chaplain of the Brandenburg Court, and became Secretary and Coun cillor of the Kurfiirst at Berlin. He pub lished in 1692 a Eationalistic Concordantia rationis et fidei, sive Harmonia philosophies moralis et religionis Christiana, for which the clergy got him deprived of his position. He had accepted the Pantheism of Spinoza, and expressly denies the distinction of God and nature and the freedom of the will. He gives a naturalistic view of Christianity, and describes the soul as material. The book made a sensation, as it was the first attack upon orthodoxy in Germany. In 1694 a fine of five hundred thalers was imposed by the Chancellories on any person who was found in possession of a copy of it, and a commission was appointed to try Stosch. He seems to have evaded the sentence, although his Pantheism is clear. D. about 1700.

STOUT, Professor George Frederick,

philosopher. B. Jan. 6, 1860. Ed. private school and Cambridge (St. John s College). He took a first-class in the classical tripos and first-class, with special distinction, in ancient philosophy and metaphysics. In 1894 he was appointed university lecturer in the moral sciences ; from 1896 to 1898 he was Andersonian lecturer in comparative psychology at Aberdeen University; in 1898 he was Wilde reader in mental philo sophy at Oxford; in 1899 examiner to London University ; and since 1903 he has been professor of logic and metaphysics 765

at St. Andrews. He was Gifford Lecturer in 1918-20, and has been editor of Mind since 1891. Professor Stout was admitted to the British Academy in 1903. His chief works are Analytic Psychology (1896) and Manual of Psychology (1899).

STOUT, The Honourable Sir Robert,

K.C.M.G., LL.D., Chief Justice of New Zealand. B. (Shetland Isles) Sep. 28, 1844. Ed. parish school. He became a teacher in his school; but in 1863 he emigrated to New Zealand, where his long career of distinguished public service has made him one of the most eminent and respected men in the Dominion. At first he was a schoolmaster at Dunedin, but he took up the study of law in 1867, and was admitted to the bar in 1871. In 1872 he became a member of the Provincial Council of Otago, and from 1873 to 1876 he was Provincial Solicitor. He was elected to the House of Eepresentatives in 1875, and was Attorney General and Minister for Lands and Immigration in 1878-79. In 1884 he was again returned to Parliament, and for three years he was Premier, Attorney-General, and Minister of Educa tion. Since 1899 he has been Chief Justice. He is Chancellor of the New Zealand University, and he holds his- honorary degree from Manchester Univer sity. Sir Eobert s Eationalism is so well known in New Zealand that he is described in Mennell s Australasian Biography as an Agnostic.&quot; He has done much to promote Eationalism in the Dominion, and his social idealism is such that he is generally credited with the fine progressive legislation which, under the Premiership of Ballance, attracted world-wide attention to New Zealand. He has for many years been a member of the E. P. A.

STRANGE, Thomas Lumisden, judge. B. Jan. 4, 1808. Ed. Westminster School. In 1823 he went to India to join his father, Sir T. L. Strange, who was a judge there, and entered the Indian Civil Service. He was appointed assistant judge and joint 766