Page:A biographical dictionary of modern rationalists.djvu/398

 SCHWEITZEE

SEAILLIES

trines and clergy (Was Wir Ernst Haeckel Verdanken, i, 201-203).

SCHWEITZER, Jean Baptista Yon,

German dramatist. B. July 12, 1833. Ed. Berlin and Heidelberg Universities. Schweitzer, who was of an ancient Catholic family, studied law, and practised for a time in his native town of Frankfort. He joined the Social Democratic movement of the sixties, and in 1864, when Lassalle died, he was elected President of the General German Union of Workers and editor of the Sozialdemokrat. In 1867 he was sent to the Prussian Parliament. Besides political works, Schweitzer wrote a number of dramas and comedies, and various Eationalistic works (chiefly Die Zeitgeist und das Chris- tenthum, 1861). D. July 28, 1875.

SCHWENINGER, Professor Ernst,

M.D., pathologist. B. June 15, 1850. Ed. Eegensburg Gymnasium and Munich University. After teaching pathological anatomy for some time at Munich Univer sity, he was appointed private physician to Prince Bismarck. He later became pro fessor once more and Director of the chief Clinic at Berlin. Since 1906 he has been professor of general pathology and thera peutics and the history of medicine at Munich University. His medical works and papers are numerous and valuable. In the Haeckel Memorial Volume (Was Wir Ernst Haeckel Verdanken, 1914) Professor Schweninger has a long and most cordial appreciation of the great Monist, whose Eationalism he fully endorses (ii, 130-37). He thinks that Haeckel has raised for himself, in the record of enlightenment, a monument memorid et acre perennius.&quot;

SCOTT, Thomas, writer. B. Apr. 28, 1808. Scott was educated, as a Catholic, in France, and he was for some time a page at the court of Charles X. He was wealthy, and travelled much. About the year 1856 he adopted Eationalism, and from 1862 to 1877 he rendered a most valuable service to the cause in England 723

by printing, at his own expense, and disseminating pamphlets in criticism of religion. They were written by competent men, and chiefly sent to the clergy and educated public. In fifteen years he thus- issued more than two hundred pamphlets, which were eventually collected in sixteen volumes. F. Newman, Voysey, M. D. Conway, J. A. Symonds, and other well- known men contributed to the series. Scott also published, from his private house at Eamsgate, Bentham s Church of England Catechism Examined and Hume s Dialogues- oil Natural Religion ; and he wrote a few pamphlets himself, though not The English- Life of Jesus (1872), which bears his name. It was written, in part at least, by the Eev. Sir G. W. Cox. Scott was a thorough Hebrew scholar, and a very high-minded man. D. Dec. 30, 1878.

SCRIBE, Augustin Eugene, French dramatist. B. Dec. 24, 1791. Scribe was- trained in law, but he forsook it at an early age, and began- to write for the stage. His first play, Le Pretender sans le savoir (1810), was a failure, and was followed by a dozen other failures ; but, with the per tinacity of a great artist, Scribe worked on until, in 1815, his Une Nuit de la Garde Nationale inaugurated his long and brilliant success. For nearly forty-five years he showered pieces upon the eager theatres of Paris. Between 1820 and 1830 he, with a few collaborators, wrote a hundred and fifty plays for one theatre, and his complete works fill seventy-six volumes (1874-85). They include a few novels, which were not successful. Scribe was admitted to the Academy in 1836. He avoided politics and controversy, but had no religion. Z), Feb. 20, 1861.

SEAILLIES, Professor Gabriel,

D. es L., French philosopher. B. June 27, 1852. Ed. Lycee St. Louis and Ecole Normale Superieure. After teaching in provincial colleges for some years, Seaillies- was, in 1886, appointed maitre de conf6r- ences at the Sorbonne, then controller of 724