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 SALMEEON Y ALONSO

SALVERTE

SALMERON Y ALONSO, Professor Nicolas, Spanish statesman. B. Apr. 10, 1838. Ed. Granada University. At an early age Salmeron was appointed professor of philosophy at Madrid University, and later at the San Isidore Institute. He joined the republicans in early manhood, and wrote in their organ, La Discusion (1860-62). In 1865 he was elected a member of the Madrid democratic-republican committee, and three years later he was condemned to five months in prison for political con spiracy. He was a member of the Pro visional Government at the Revolution, and was elected to the Cortes. In 1873 he became Minister of Justice and Presi dent of the Cortes, and later in the same year he was elected President of the Republic. There was a good deal of insur rection, and Salmeron, who objected to capital punishment, was compelled to resign. In 1874, when the Bourbons were restored, the clericals got him deprived of his chair ; and in 1876 he was forced to fly to Paris, where he taught in the Univer sity. He returned to Madrid, and recovered his chair, in 1881. In 1886 he was elected republican member for Madrid. Salmeron was a thorough Rationalist all his life. D. Sep. 21, 1908.

SALT, Henry Stephens, writer. B. (India) 1851. Ed. Eton and Cambridge (King s College). He was Browne s Medal list for Greek epigrams and first-class in the classical tripos. From 1875 to 1884 Mr. Salt was an assistant master at Eton, but he developed advanced ideas and abandoned his position. He has since the latter date been one of the most prominent humanitarian workers in England. From 1891 to 1914 he was Honorary Secretary of the Humanitarian League. He has written numerous w y orks, including P. B. Sh-elley (1888), Life of James Thomson (1889), Life of H. D. ThoreaiL (1890), and Richard Jefferies (1894). He is a member of the Rationalist Press Association ; and his sympathies are plainly expressed in his various biographies of famous Rationalists. 703

S ALTER, William Mackintire, A.M., B.D., American lecturer and writer. B. Jan. 30, 1853. Ed. Yale, Harvard, Gottin- gen, and Columbia Universities. Mr. Salter was trained in theology at Harvard Divinity School (1871-73), and took a theological degree there in 1876. But he became an Agnostic, and transferred his services to the Ethical Movement. From 1883 to 1892 he was lecturer to the Chicago Society for Ethical Culture. From 1892 to 1897 he served the Philadelphia Society in the same capacity, and he then returned to the Chicago Society for ten years. From 1909 to 1913 he was special lecturer on philosophy at the Chicago University. He is a member of the American Philosophical Association. He has written a number of Ethical-Rationalist works in English and German, notably Ethical Religion (1889) and First Steps in Philosophy (1892).

SALTERS, Edgar Evertson, American

writer. B. June 8, 1858. Ed. St. Paul s School, Concord, and Paris and Columbia Universities. In 1884 he published Balzac and The Philosophy of Disenchantment (a study of the pessimistic views of Hartmann and Schopenhauer). His Anatomy of Negation (1885) was greatly appreciated by Rationalists. He has since written a number of distinguished literary works and novels.

SALYERTE, Anne Joseph Eusebe Baconniere de, French writer. B. July 18, 1771. Ed. by the Oratorians of Juilly. He became a lawyer, and was Royal Advocate from 1789 to 1792. He then entered the Civil Service of the Revolution, and was also professor of algebra at the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussees. During the Revolution he published a Rationalistic tragedy based on the death of Christ, an Essai sur ce qu on doit croire (1793), and an Eloge de Diderot (1801). When Napo leon seized power he retired to private life and study, and wrote a number of learned works. At the return of the Bourbons 704