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 LYNCH

MACCHI

Journals of Sir C. Lyell, 1881, ii, 452). This Agnosticism seems to have spread to his belief in God. In a letter to Darwin in 1869 he thinks that &quot; probably &quot; there is a &quot;Supreme Intelligence&quot; (ii, 442). It is notable that the letters of the last twenty years of his life have only faint allusions to even natural religion. The Church he castigated severely as early as 1843 (ii, 82). D. Feb. 22, 1875.

LYNCH, Arthur, M.A., L.RC.P.,

M.K.C.S., writer. Mr. Lynch was born in Australia and educated at Ballarat, Mel bourne University, a Paris hospital, and St. Mary s Hospital Medical School, London. He qualified in electrical engineer ing as well as medicine. During the South African War he held a commission in the Boer forces, and was prosecuted. Since 1909 he has been M.P. for West Clare. In his Beligio Athletes (1895) he disdains all religion but the cult of the beautiful. He has written also in French, but his chief work is Psychology : A New System (2 vols., 1912).

MACARTNEY, Professor James, M.D., F.K.S., F.R.C.S., Irish anatomist. B. Mar. 8, 1770. Ed. College of Surgeons School, Dublin, and Hunterian School, London. In 1800 he was admitted to the Eoyal College of Surgeons, and practised in London. He was lecturer on comparative anatomy and physiology at St. Bartho lomew s Hospital from 1800 to 1811, and professor of anatomy and surgery at Dublin University from 1813 to 1837. Dr. Macartney was much persecuted by the clergy of Dublin on account of his Ration alist views. In a biography of him (James Macartney, 1900) Professor Macalister admits that he &quot; did not formally commit himself to any creed &quot; (p. 279), which is the Christian way of saying that he was an outspoken Deist. He said that &quot;every revelation, no matter whether it be real or supposed, must produce hatred and perse cution among mankind&quot; (p. 281). D. Mar. 6, 1843.

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McCABE, Joseph Martin, writer. B. Nov. 11, 1867. Ed. Catholic School, Man chester ; Forest Gate Seminary, London ; and Louvain University. He entered the Franciscan Order in 1883, was ordained priest with the name &quot; Father Antony,&quot; and appointed professor of philosophy in 1890. The rules of his order for bade him to take a University degree. Appointed head of a College at Bucking ham in 1895, he left the Church six months later (February, 1896). After two years as private secretary and literary struggler, he spent a year as secretary of the Leicester Secular Society (1898-99). Since that time he has devoted himself to writing and lecturing, largely for the Ethical and Rationalist movements. He has written about sixty works (see Who s Who ?}, besides a score of translations. Mr. McCabe is an Agnostic, but he has no doubt that, when man s knowledge is complete, Materialism will prove to be the correct theory of reality.

MACCALL, William, M.A., writer. B. Feb. 25, 1812. Ed. Glasgow University and a Protestant Seminary, Geneva. Maccall was being trained for the Presby terian Church, but he abandoned this for the Unitarian body, and he was Unitarian minister at Bolton and Crediton from 1837 to 1846. He then came to London, where, after preaching for a time, he abandoned Unitarianism and became a Pantheist. He translated Letourneau s Biology (1877) and wrote several books. His views are best seen in his posthumous Christian Legends (1884) and Moods and Memories (1885). In an article in the Secular Chronicle a month before he died (Mar. 31, 1878) Maccall describes himself as an Agnostic. D. Apr. 17, 1878.

MACCHI, Mauro, Italian writer. B. July 1, 1815. He was professor of rhetoric at Milan, but the Austrian authori ties deposed him in 1839. He took to journalism, and founded the Italia and the Industrial Spectator ; but he was expelled,

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