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 leading exponents of psycho - therapy, founder of the Ethological Society, and editor of the Ethological Journal. His Rationalist views are best seen in his Positive Philosophy of the Mind (1891).

Hollick, Frederick, M.D., Owenite. B. Dec. 22, 1813. Ed. Birmingham Mechanics Institute. He was a friend of Holyoake, and, like him, one of Robert Owen's Rationalist missionaries. When Owenism failed, he emigrated to America and set up a medical practice at New York. He wrote a number of medical works of a popular character. D. 1900.

Hollick, Frederick, Deist writer. B. 1757. Hollis was a member of a wealthy Dissenting family who turned Deist, and wrote An Apology for the Disbelief of Revealed Religion (1799), Sober and Serious Reasons for Scepticism (1796), Free Thoughts (1812), and a few other small works. D. Nov. 26, 1824.

Hollis, Thomas, F.R.S., writer. B. Apr. 14, 1720. Ed. Newport and St. Albans. He was a man of considerable wealth and of liberal views, who refused to enter Parliament on account of its corrupt procedure; and he spread his principles by publishing and distributing books. He edited various works of Sidney, Locke, and Neville. He never attended church, and " gave his name to no religious society that could be discovered " (Memoirs of T. Hollis, 1780, i, iv). He was a Deist of high character, a Fellow of the Royal Society and the Society of Antiquaries, and a member of the Society of Governors of Guy 's and St. Thomas's Hospitals. D. Jan. 1, 1774.

Holmes, Edmund Gore Alexander, poet and educationist. B. July 17, 1850. Ed. Merchant Taylors School and Oxford (St. John s). He took first class in Classical Moderations and first class in the Final Classical School. In 1875 he became Inspector, later Chief Inspector, of Schools. Mr. Holmes has published several volumes of poems, and various works on education and philosophy. In A Confession of Faith ("by an Unorthodox Believer," 1895) he rejects Christian doctrines, though he retains Theism and the belief in immortality. "I do not believe in the super natural," he says (p. 3).

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, M.D., American physician and author. B. Aug. 29, 1809. Ed. Phillips Academy, Andover, and Harvard. He studied law, but changed to medicine, completing his education in Paris, and establishing a practice at Boston in 1836. He was professor of anatomy at Dartmouth College from 1838 to 1840. He then returned to Boston, and was Parkman professor of anatomy and physiology at the Harvard Medical School from 1847 to 1882. Holmes's first poems were published in 1836, and his literary reputation was made by his Autocrat at the Breakfast Table (1858) and Professor at the Breakfast Table (1859). The genial Rationalism of the works greatly angered the orthodox. A deeper note is struck in his Mechanism in Thought and Morals (1871) and his biography of Emerson (1884). W. D. Howells (Literary Friends and Acquaintance, 1901, p. 45) tells us that, though a Theist, Holmes was sceptical about a future life. D. Oct. 7, 1894.

Holmes, Thomas Rice Edward, Litt.D., educationist, brother of E. G. A. Holmes. B. May 24, 1885. Ed. Merchant Taylors School and Oxford (Christ's Church). He was assistant master at Lincoln Grammar School 1878-80, at Blackheath Proprietary School 1880-85, and at St. Paul's School 1886-1909. Dr. Holmes was an original member of the Council of Classical Education (1903-1906) and a member of the Council of the Roman Society (1910-14). He has written various historical works, and is a member of the Rationalist Press Association.

Holwell, John Zephaniah, Governor<section end="Holwell, John Zephaniah" />