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 HEEVEY

HIBBEKT

fur Gottesdienst und Kirchlichc Kunst). &quot; He who has no faith must have emo tions,&quot; he said in explanation. D. Oct. 9, 1900.

HERYEY, John, Lord Hervey of Ick- worth, Lord Privy Seal. B. Oct. 15, 1696. Ed. Westminster School and Cambridge (Clare Hall). Son of the first Earl of Bristol, he entered the House of Commons in 1725, and in 1730 he was appointed Vice-Chamberlain of the Royal Household. He was an intimate friend of Queen Caroline [SEE], and was, like her, a Deist. In 1740 he became Lord Privy Seal. In the Introduction to Lord Hervey s principal work, Memoirs of the Reign of George the Second (2 vols., 1847), the Et. Hon. J. W. Croker observes that Hervey adopted &quot; all the anti-Christian opinions &quot; of the Deists and had &quot; a peculiar antipathy to the Church and Churchmen &quot; (p. xxvi). He adds that Hervey was the real author of a Deistic defence of Mandeville, Some Remarks on the Minute Philosopher, by &quot; A Country Clergyman&quot; (1732). His Deism is easily seen in ch. xxiii of his Memoirs. D. Aug. 5. 1743.

HERYIEU, Paul Ernest, French dramatist and novelist. B. Sep. 2, 1857. Ed. Lycee Condorcet and Ecole de droit, Paris. He became an advocate at the Court of Appeal in 1877, and secretary of embassy in 1881. His distinguished literary career opened in 1882 with the story Diogene le chien, and he reached a very high position both in drama and fiction. He was a Commander of the Legion of Honour and Honorary President of the Societ6 des Gens de Lettres. D. Oct. 25, 1915.

HETHERINGTON, Henry, publisher. B. 1792. He was a printer at London, and one of the most active of the workers in establishing the first Mechanics Institute and the early Trade Unions. Nobly resenting the &quot;tax on knowledge&quot; (the press-stamp), he set up a press in his house 343

and issued, at a penny, The Poor Man s Guardian (1831-35). He was twice im prisoned for this, and five hundred persons were imprisoned in three years for selling it. He was again imprisoned in 1840 for blasphemous libel in publishing Haslam s Letters to the Clergy. Hetherington was one of the bravest fighters for liberty and enlightenment in dark days (see G. J. Holyoake s Life of H. Hetherington, 1849). He wrote A Feio Hundred Bible Contradic tions and other small works. D. Aug. 24, 1849.

HEYSE, Paul Johann Ludwig von,

German poet and novelist. B. Mar. 15, 1830. Ed. Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium, Berlin, and Berlin and Bonn Universities. In 1854 King Maximilian invited him to settle, on a pension, at Munich, his Francesca da Rimini (1850) having given proof of high ability. Heyse was particu larly skilful and fruitful in short stories, of which he published twenty-four volumes, besides several volumes of poetry, ten novels, and fifty plays. His novels, espe cially Kinder der Welt (1873), a Ration alistic treatment of religion, drew upon him the w r rath of the orthodox, but his high position in modern German letters is undis puted. In 1910 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. D. Apr. 2, 1914.

HIBBERT, Julian, writer. B. 1801. Hibbert was a wealthy and cultivated Eationalist, a follower of Owen, who generously supported Eichard Carlile in his struggle. Wheeler recalls that on one occasion he gave Carlile 1,000, and he \vas little less generous in supporting Watson, Hetherington, and other re formers. He founded a British Associa tion for the Promotion of Co-operative knowledge, printed various Greek works from his private press, and commenced the compilation of a Dictionary of Anti-Super- stitionists. In 1833 he was subpoenaed, and he told the London court that he was &quot;an Atheist&quot; and would not kiss the Bible. He was harshly driven out of 344