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 DUCLAUX

DULAUEE

missary of the Executive Committee. The dramas, comedies, and operas he wrote before the Eevolution are not of great distinction, but his tragedy, Nadir (1780), had some success. He associated with Hubert and Clootz, and fell with them. D. Mar. 23, 1794.

DUCLAUX, Agnes Mary Frances,

writer. B. (Leamington) Feb. 27, 1857. Ed. Brussels and Italy. In her maiden name of Eobinson she had published various volumes of verse and literary works when, in 1888, she married J. Dar- mesteter [SEE]. She had also translated Euripides. At Paris her salon was thronged with scholars and literary men. She wrote the life of Eenan and other works in French. After the death of Darmesteter she married the Director of the Pasteur Institute, E. Duclaux.

DUCLOS, Charles Pineau, French historian. B. Feb. 12, 1704. Ed. Eennes and Paris (College d Harcourt). He won repute by light romances and studies of morals, and in 1739 he was admitted to the Academy of Inscriptions and Letters. His Histoire de Louis XI (1745) was sup pressed on account of its Eationalism. In 1747 he was admitted to the Academy, in 1750 he succeeded Voltaire as historio grapher of France, and in 1755 he became Perpetual Secretary of the Academy. He was very friendly with the Encyclopaedists, but was himself a moderate Deist. D. Mar. 26, 1772.

DUCOS, Jean Frangois, French poli tician. B. 1765. Ed. Bordeaux. He pressed for the separation of Church and State during the Eevolution, and sat in the Legislative Assembly, then in the National Convention. Ducos was involved in the fall of the Girondists, and he made a brilliant and witty speech at a banquet on the night before his execution. D. Oct. 31, 1793.

DU DEFFAND, the Marquise. See

DEFFAND.

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DUDGEON, William, philosopher. A little known writer who lived in Berwick shire in the first half of the eighteenth century. Between 1732 and 1744 he published three Deistic pamphlets, The State /&amp;gt;/ the Moral World, Philosophical Letters, and A Catechism Founded Upon Experience and Reason. They were re- published in one volume in 1765.

DUHRING, Eugen Karl, German philosopher. B. Jan. 12, 1833. Ed. Berlin University. He was compelled by an accident to his eyes to abandon a legal practice, and he returned to the university to study philosophy. He was appointed teacher there, but in 1877 the authorities forced him to resign on account of his heresies. He had adopted Positivism (Das Wert des Lebens, 1865). Later he became rather Materialistic, and published important philosophical and economic works. Eisler defines him as &quot; a Positivist akin to Materialism &quot; (and see biographies by Doll, Druskowitz, etc.). D. 1904.

DUJARDIN, Edouard, French writer. B. 1861. He founded and edited the Revue Wagnerienne (1886) and the Revue Independante. Besides various novels and volumes of short stories he has published three dramas of the Symbolist School (1891-93). In 1904 he began a thorough study of religious historical questions and published La Source du Fleuve Chretien (Eng. trans., The Source of the Christian Tradition, 1911). George Moore, an inti mate friend, writes much of him in Hail and Farewell. M. Dujardin is a very thorough scholar, a fastidious artist, and a Eationalist of the most advanced type.

DULAURE, Jacques Antoine, French writer. B. Dec. 3, 1755. He was a Parisian architect who sat in the National Convention in 1792. In 1795 he was a member of the Committee on Education, and in 1797 of the Council of Five Hun dred. He was appointed Under- Secretary of Finance in 1808, but deposed at the 226 K