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 DOBEOLJUBOW

DOWDEN

DOBROLJUBOW, Nikolai Alexandro- witch, Eussian writer. B. Feb. 5, 1836. Ed. clerical seminary, Nijni Novgorod, and the Pedagogical Institute, Petrograd. He was the son of a poor priest, and was intended for the Church, but he rejected Christianity and turned to letters and journalism. His New Code of Practical Wisdom expresses his Eationalism, and he earned considerable distinction as a literary critic. D. Nov. 29, 1861.

DODEL-PORT, Professor Arnold,

F.E.S., botanist. B. Oct. 16, 1843. Ed. Kreuzlingen, and Geneva, Zurich, and Munich Universities. He began to teach botany in 1870 at Zurich. In 1880 he became professor, and Director of the Botanical Laboratory. He wrote a Life of K. Deubler, as well as a number of botanical works ; and he was President of the German Federation of Freethinkers and Fellow of the English Eoyal Society. D. 1908.

DODWELL, Henry, B.A., Deist. B. about the beginning of the eighteenth century. Ed. Oxford (Magdalen Hall). In 1742 he published a pamphlet, Chris tianity not Founded on Argument, which attacked the creed so discreetly that many thought it orthodox. His brother, Arch deacon Dodwell, assailed it. Nothing further is known of Dodwell except that he was a humane and benevolent person. D. 1784.

DONKIN, Sir Horatio Bryan, M.D., F.E.C.P., physician. B. Feb. 1, 1845. Ed. Blackheath and Oxford (Queen s Coll.). He became, in succession, physician and lecturer at Westminster Hospital, physician to the East London Hospital for Children, lecturer at the London School of Medicine for Women, examiner at the Eoyal College of Surgeons, H.M. Commissioner of Prisons, and medical adviser to the Prison Com mission. From 1904 to 1908 he sat on the Eoyal Commission for the Control of the Feeble-Minded. In 1910 he delivered the Harveian Oration, on &quot; The Inheritance of 219

Mental Characters.&quot; He is now member of the Prisons Board and Consulting Physician to the Westminster Hospital, the East London Hospital for Children, and King George s Hospital. Sir Bryan Donkin is a member of the Eationalist Press Association and a keen opponent of all obscurantism.

DOUGLAS, Sir John Sholto, eighth Marquis of Queensberry. B. July 20, 1844. He served in the army for five years, and from 1872 to 1880 he sat as elected representative peer for Scotland, having succeeded to the marquisate in 1858. The Marquis was a strong supporter of Bradlaugh and of Secularism, and in 1880 the Scottish peers refused on account of his opinions to re-elect him as one of their repre sentatives in the House of Lords. In 1882 he protested publicly in the theatre against what he regarded as a caricature of a Free thinker in Tennyson s Promise of May. He wrote, in blank verse, The Spirit of the Matterhorn (1881). D. Jan. 31, 1900.

DOUGLAS, Stephen Arnold, American statesman. B. Apr. 23, 1813. Ed. Brandon village school and Canandaigua Academy. After teaching for some years, he qualified for the law, and practised at Jacksonville. In 1835 he became State Attorney (Illinois), and in 1841, having been returned to the State Lower House, he became Secretary of State for Illinois and Judge of the Supreme Court. He next sat in the House of Eepresentatives (1843-47), and then in the Senate (1847-61). He was chairman of the Committee on Territories, and in 1852 and 1856 unsuccessfully tried for the Presidency. Douglas &quot; never identified himself with any Church,&quot; as the Phila delphia Press (June 8, 1861) said at his death. He was a Theist and an eloquent advocate of religious liberty (A. Johnson s S. A. Douglas, 1908, p. 263). D. June 3, 1861.

DOWDEN, Professor Edward, LL.D., D.C.L., writer. B. (Cork) May 3, 1843. 220