Page:A Voyage of Discovery and Research in the Southern and Antarctic Regions Vol 1.djvu/427



ship is fortified externally by solid chock channels, the spaces between the channels being similarly fitted, tapering at the extremities, so as to form an easy curvature in a fore and aft direction; the side is doubled with six-inch oak plank under the channel, increasing to eight-inch at the wale, which is three feet broad; from thence, through a space of five feet, the doubling diminishes to three inches in thickness, of English elm, and the remainder of the bottom to the keel is doubled with three-inch Canada elm. The quarter galleries are removed, and the quarter pieces and stern strongly united by planking; all rails and projections being carefully avoided.

The knee of the head being removed, the bow is terminated by fittings or thick bolsters, leaving no projections at the stern. Braziers, or thick copper, is substituted for that ordinarily used, extending along the body at the line of flotation, and entirely covering the bow down to the keel.

Within-board, the spaces between the bands at the floor heads, &.c, are fitted in with six-inch oak plank; the entire surface in the hold being caulked, two thicknesses of 1½ inch African board are then worked diagonally over the bands, &c. at right angles to each other, each layer being also caulked. The thwartship bulkheads of the fore, main, and, after holds are wrought diagonally of two thicknesses of 1½ inch African board at right angles to each other, the