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156 The memory of this siege is still preserved by the citizens of Leyden, with annual rejoicings and festivities; and once in seven years a kind of jubilee is held in honour of that great event. In consequence of the gallant defence made by its inhabitants, and the dreadful miseries which they suffered, the states-general, to reward their bravery and patience, founded in Leyden the noble university which has since reflected so much honour on that city, and been attended with important benefits to philosophy and science.

In 1573, the Spaniards, flushed with the conquest of Haarlem, laid siege to Alkmaer; but finding the place too strong for their forces, they turned their arms against Leyden. The approach of Prince Frederic of Nassau, with a considerable body of men, drove them for a short time from their trenches; but having procured re-inforcements, they returned, and, according to the practice of the age, being apprehensive they should not be able to take the city by force, they turned the siege into a blockade. The