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for Oregon wheat and Oregon lumber waned, because of local developments in farming and lumbering, other markets were gradually found. In the years 18651867, for example, most of the ships entering at Astoria were from Victoria, Vancouver Island, and from Honolulu. There was one from Mexico which brought a cargo of salt in bulk, over three hundred tons. The bark Cambridge, from Honolulu, in the same year (1865) brought brown sugar, molasses, limes, bananas, watermelons, and oranges. At the same time a schooner from Victoria unloaded furniture, pig iron, coal, coal tar, cod-fish, cast iron beds, several chests of tea, brandy, dress silks, wool shirts, mixed shirts, worsted table spreads, checked cotton cloth, and tweed coats—in short, a cargo made up of British manufactures mainly and evidently derived from Britain by the Hudson's Bay Company, now domiciled at Victoria, for trade with their one-time neighbours on the Columbia. In 1868 a ship came in from Liverpool, also one from Hongkong. The former brought earthen ware, stone ware, one thousand sacks of rice, matting, tea, oil, ginger, etc. The latter delivered anvils, vices, chains, saws, band iron, bar iron, horse shoe nails, curry combs, and w'orsted cloth. These examples give some idea of the diversity of the inward trade. Going out the ships carried away, aside from lumber and wheat, quantities of gold dust produced from the Inland Empire mines. By the year 1870 the trade had sensibly increased. In October of that year the United States government established the