Page:A History of Art in Ancient Egypt Vol 1.djvu/504

 4o8 A History of Art in Ancient Egypt, ^^^^^S^^^^!!^|^ON(^-^^j^^W-> uOn * were about twenty-six feet high. Next, and at a slightly higher level, came a hypostyle hall ; its roof was supported by twelve square piers, those forming the central avenue being of caryatid form and higher than the others. The subterranean part of the temple begins with a passage cut in the rock on the further side of this hall. This passage leads to a long trans- verse vestibule, from which open two lateral chambers, and three from its further side. The furthest chamber on the major axis of the whole building was the sanctuary. This is proved by its position, its shape, and the niche which is cut in its further wall. Four deities are sculptured in this niche, and in spite of the ill-usage to which they have been subjected, one of them can still be identified as Ptah, the chief god of the temple.^ We find almost the same arrangements in the hemispeos of Wadi-Asseboua.'^ That of Derri (Figs. 240 and 241) is more simple. There are neither dromos nor pylon, properly speaking, and only four caryatid pillars ; but there is an open court with a hypostyle hall and a sanctuary cut in the rock. At the back of ^ This description has been mainly taken from the plate given by Prisse {Histoire de VArt Egyptie/i, vol. i.). There are discrepancies, however, between it and both the inscription of Isambert and the plan of Horeau {Panorama d'Egypie et Nubie), discrepancies which may probably be referred to the bad condition of the structural part of the building. According to Prisse's measurements the dromos, from its commencement to the foot of the first pylon, was about fifty-five yards long, and the rest of the temple, to the back of the niche, was about as much again. The rock-cut part was only about ten yards deep. - The resemblance between Prisse's plan of Gherf-Hossein and Horeau's plan of Wadi-Asseboua is so great as to suggest that one of the two writers may have made a mistake. Fig. 238. — Plan of the hemisptos of Gherf-Hcssein ; from Prisse.