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Rh ARCHJEOLOGT. INDEX. AUVERGNE 595 2o4. Thessalonica, 421. Mosque of Amrou, 509. Ctesiphoii, .386. .See Pointed Arches. Triumphal Arches. Arclueology an essential adjunct in Eth- nological studies, i, .53, S3, 84. Instance of its value, 232. Architecture: points of view from which it may he studied ; value of the historic method, i, 3. Principles distinguishing it from painting and sculpture, 4. Tlieir office in connection with it, 'j. Earlier and later systems: result of the latter, 11, 12. Definition of the art and elucidations of same, 12, 13. Re- spective provinces of engineer and ar- chitect, 1.5, 16. Technical principles: Mass, 16. Stability. 17. Durability, 18. Materials, 19. Coustnietiou, 22. Form, 2.5. Proportion, 26. Carved ornament, 31. Decorative color, 35. Sculpture and painting, 37. Uni- formity, 39. Imitation of Nature, 41. Association, 4;i New style, 44. Pros- pects, 47. Essential fact in connection with architectural history, .55. Chief divisions therein, 85. Various styles: Egypt, England, Etruscan, France, Germany, Gothic. Greeks, Mexico, Moors, Pagan, Romanesque, Romans, Scanlinavia, Saracens, Sassanian. Arculf, the Monk, on the mosque el-Ak- sah, ii, 5)4. Ardmore, bas-relief at, ii, 2:30. Round tower, 2:36. Arezzo, church of Sta. Maria at, ii, 374. Argent, Mark d', church erected by, i, 524, 5.59. ii, 62. Aristoteles of Bologna, Russian church ascribed to, ii, 489. Aries, amphitheatre at. i, 330. Church of St. Trophime, 454, 455. Tower, 462. Cloisters, 464. See ii, 185, 404. Armenia, ii, 412. Examples of its archi- tecture, 463-477. .S'ee Ani. Arnolfo di Lapo, cathedral built by, ii, Arpino, Etruscan gateway at, i, 290. Arranniore, Galway, ii, 229. Arsinoe, pillar of Victory at, i, S40. Artemisia, tomb erected by, i, 272. Aruns, tomb at Albano of, i, 2:^9, 243. Aryans, first users of iron, i, 56. Their origin, migrations, etc., 74, 75. Purity and exaltedness of their religion, 76, 77. Form of government, prevalence of caste, etc. . 77, 78. Morals and Lit- erature : result of the perfect structure of their language, 79, 80. Why the Fine Arts do not flourish among them, 81. Their proficiency in the useful arts, 82. Their true mission, 82. In Spain, ii, 244. In Russia, 481. See i, 65, 71. 73, 74, 232. ii, 121. Asia Minor, advantageous position of, epoch of its history, etc., i, 220. Oldest remains, 221. Tumuli and rock-cut monuments, 221-223. Lycia and its tombs, 224-230. Existence of an Ionic order, 245. Corinthian example, 247. Theatres, 271. Turkish con- quest, ii, 500. Asoka, Buddhist king, result of his alli- ance with Magas, i, 276, note. See ii. 566. Assisi, church at, ii, 324, 325, 326. Assos, gateway at, i, 2:38. Assyria, result of recent discoveries in, i, 245. Assyrians, borrowings of the Greeks from the, i, 33, 35, 147. Examples of their architecture how preserved, 68. Form of their pyramids, 100. Occasion of their rise, 145. M. Botta's explora- tion, 147. Chronological epochs, 14S. Chaldean period, 1.50-159. Palatial architecture: sources of information, 160. Babylonian and Ninevite pal- aces, 161. Buildings at Khorsabad, ](•,(', — 174. Pecidiarity of construction common to their palaces, 167. Interior of a Vezidi house. 176. Houses of the humbler classes. 177. Sculptured rep- resentations of buildings, 182-184. Temples and tombs, 185. Value of their wall-sculptures, 187. Rank to be assigned to their architecture, 187. Purposes for which only they used stone, 188. Users of the pointed arch, 448. Nee Chaldean, Khorsabad, Ko- yunjik. Asti, 'l)aptistery at: Plan, ii, 300. De- scription, ;3i. Church and Porch, ;324. View of the Porch, 325. Towers, 353. Asturias, churches in the, ii, 246. Athens, influence on art of the admix- ture of races at, i. 233. Temples, 242, 243, 313. The Propylsea, 244. Co- rinthian examples. 247. Hadrian's arch, 336. Byzantine churches: Pan- agia Lycodemo, ii, 458, 459. Cathedral, 459, 460. Athos, Mount, convents at, ii, 4.58. Atreus, treasury or tomb of, i, 234. Base of pillar, 235. Atrium, the, in basilican churches, i, 408. Novara, ii,301. San Ambrogio, Milan, ;307. Augsburg Cathedral, ii, 75. Augustan age, sole remains of the, i, .305. Augustine, S. Canterbury, original church of, ii, 126. Augustus, arches erected by, i, .335. His tomb, ;343. Autun, double-arched Roman gates at, i,
 * 'ee Assyrians, Byzantine, Clu-istian,
 * 331-.334. See Lapo.
 * j37. Aisle and nave of cathedral, 501,

Its spire, .552. Auvergne, architectural province of, i, 443, 446. Its peculiar features, phys- ical and architectiu-al, 491. Central towers and vaults, 491. Clievets, 493, 494. Fortified church, 495.