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Rh Sudama or Nyagrodha, cave, 24

Sukrachārya, directions for the plan of a palace, 97, 100

Sultanganj, statue of Buddha, 156

Sunna, the canonical law of Islam, 108

Sunni sect, 105, 118

Surabhi, the divine cow, 169

Surāj Mal, portrait of, 205

Sūrya, the Sun-god, 6, 9, 18; temple, 9; image, 158; worship of, 159 Sūrya-vamsa, the, 6, 18

Sūrya-varman II, 172 Tagore, Abanindro Nath, panel in fresco, 198; leader of the school of painting, 212 Tāj Mahall monument at Agra, 114, 128, 136, 137-43; list of the chief craftsmen, 138; plan of the building, 142 Tāj Sultana, mosque, 127, 141

Taksasīla University, 92

Talikota, battle of, 126

Tāmasic or destructive power of the cosmos, 173, 183

Tanjore temple, 85, 175, 179, 185

Tāptī River, 51

Taurus mountain, 10 Taurus, the Bull, sign of, 32, 80

Tavernier, J. B., 140

Temples, instructions for the building, 7 n; construction, 66; used for royal fortresses, 99; destruction, 160

Ter, stūpa-house, 55

Theras, or Brethren, 21 Thomas, F. W. and L. A., translation of The Beginning of Buddhist Art, 75 n, 106 n

Tigris, the, 9

Timūr, devastations, 115, 118; buildings, 145

Tirthankaras, the, 70

Tīrths, or places of pilgrimage, 54, 71, 78

Tirukkadanur, 176

Torana, or gateway of a stūpa, 17, 28

Tortoise, the, 167, 168

Towers of victory, 69, 120

Trimūrti, doctrine of the, 87, 183, 187

Tri-ratna, or three jewels, 32

Udayagiri, rock-sculpture at, 167

Ujjain, 67

Umbrella, the royal, symbol of, 5, 17, 22

Ummayad mosque at Damascus, 145, 146 Undavalli monastery, 93 Universities of India, 91, 92, 110 Upanishads, the, 12, 34, 73, 180

Ushas, the Dawn Maiden, 10, 18, 33, 165; hymn to, 165

Ustād Īsā, 138

Vaikuntha Perumāl temple, 76, 85 Vāishnava sect, 18; cult, 58, 77, 8888, [sic] 168, 173; in Northern India, 58, 87; in Southern, 76; cult of the Kshatriyas, 77; temples, 77

Vājapūja sacrifice, 23 Vāmana, the dwarf, 167

Vāraha, the Boar, 166, 167

Varnikabhanga, use of materials and implements, 195

Varuna, the God of the Night Sky, 9, 18, 24

Vārunī, the radiance of day, 169, 170

Vatsyāyana, summary of the art of painting, 195 Vedic ritual, 6-8, 19, 56, 151; influence on the art of India, 12; the Rishis, 13; Pitrimedha, 14; "Turning the Wheel of the Law," 15; two main classes, 18; character, 19; the solar year, 30; symbols, 173; triune doctrine, 188

Vedikā, or railing, 14, 17, 28

Venice, Grand Canal of, 103

Veroneo, Geronimo, claim to the design of the Tāj Mahall, 138-40

Victoria and Albert Museum, 157, 192, 202, 206

Vidisha, 27

Vijayanagar, 126; temple at, 85, 96

Vikramāditya, 78; victories of, 157

Vimāna, the chariot, 8

Vindhya mountain 77, 84, 125 Virūpāksha, temple of, 78

Vishnu, the Preserver of the Universe, 7 n, 33, 87, 164; shrine, 7 n, 63, 162, 164, 187; shape of the pillar, 7 n, 45; blue lotus, 8, 41, 57, 95, 164; design of the standard, 42; Upholder of the Heavens, 61; image of, 61, 167, 189; temples dedicated to, 76; Container of Ether, 164; sakti, 165; reliefs of, 165; Avatars, 167; instructions for churning the ocean, 168, 172; cult of, 172; twofold aspect, 171 Vishvakarma, Architect of the Gods, 54, 197; stūpa-house, 54, 79; design of the façade, 55 Vitese trefoliata, 189 n