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Abul Fazl, 204; murdered, 100

Āchārya, 12 n

Adi-Buddha, the Creator, 163

Aditi, the Universal Mother, 165 n

Advāita doctrine, 88

Agni, the Fire-spirit, 7, 9, 18, 177, 181

Agnīdhra, fire-priest, 56

Agnidrīya, or fire-house, 56

Agni-sāla, or the fire-hall, 56

Agny-ādhēya, or consecration of the household fires, 7 n

Agra, 132, 134; palace, 101, 137; gardens, 102; Tāj Mahall at, 128, 141

Ahmad Shah I, 69, 120; mosque, 120

Ahmadābād, royal mosque at, 69, 120

Ahmadnagar, 125

Aihole, temple at, 166

Ajantā, rock-cut monasteries at, 21, 23, 48; fresco-paintings, 36, 38, 53, 91, 110, 196, 201, 202; stūpa-shrines, 51, 66, 76, 115, 143, 146, 147; chapter-houses, 53, 54; sculpture of Buddha, 156

Ājivihas sect, 24

Ajodhya, 3

Akasha, or Ether, 50, 68

Akasha-garbha, the Container of Ether, 164

Akbar, the Great Mogul, siege of Chitor, 69, 206; founder of the Dīn Ilāhī Order, 93, 135; five-storied pavilion, 93, 96; mosque at Fatehpur Sikri, 113, 131; founds Agra, 132, 134; tomb at Sikandra, 134; buildings, 134; ideals, 134 n

Alexander the Great, expedition to India, 4

'Ali 'Adil Shah I, 125; mosque, 127

Amalaka, 8, 57, 58, 112

Amar Singh, 206

Amarāvatī, sculptures at, 29, 35; stūpa, 38; reliefs of, 38, 199

Amenhetep III, King of Egypt, 10, 59, 151

Amrita, 168, 169

Ananta, the serpent, 43, 74 n, 164, 166, 168

Andhra dynasty, 28

Anuradhapura, statue of Buddha, 155

Arabia, conquest of Sind, 111; the Kaaba shrine, 106; architecture, 146

Aranyānī, the Spirit of the Forest, 37

Arch, the radiating, 132

Archæological Survey of India, Report on Modern Building, 144

Architecture, Arabian, 146; Bengal, 122; Buddhist, 122; Indo-Saracenic, 111; Mogul, 132; Muhammadan, 107-10; Renaissance, 130; Saracenic, 106

Ariana, mountanmountain [sic] groves of, 7

Arjumand Bānū Begam, 137

Arjuna's Rath, 74

Art, Indian, origins, 3, 9

Aryans, sacrificial rites, 6, 7; rule in Mesopotamia, 9, 10, 59, 60, 93, 154; sacred literature, 11; construction of fire-altars, 12; status, 12; worship of the elements of nature, 13, 177; stūpas, 14; temporary structures, 15; worship of Sūrya, 15, 159; art of the craftsmen, 19; Four Truths, 20; immigrations into India, 26; war-chariots, 28 n, 159; joint-family house, 90, 96; first settlements, 160

Aryāvarta, 62, 125

Asārwā, step-wells, 121

Ashvattha, or pipal-tree, 34

Ashvins, the twin horsemen, 10

Asia, Buddhism in, 106; building craft, influence of India, 110

Asoka, Emperor, 3, 135; stūpas, 3, 47, 158, 196; conversion to Bud- Rh