Page:A Handbook for Travellers in Spain - Vol 1.djvu/80

[64] Calderon, in the province of Santander, where a rather rich fresh-water fauna and flora have been found. In the chalk some small alterations must also be effected in the provinces of Castellon, Tarragona, Teruel, and Lerida, thanks to the labours of Messrs. Landerer and Vidal, where some very interesting horizons have been signalled. In tertiary deposits the most important discovery has been a fresh-water Eocene deposit, discovered by Mallada in the province of Huesca.

With regard to eruptive rocks, the most important corrections to be effected are a great patch of serpentine rocks in the Serrania de Ronda, between this city and the sea, and huge outcrops of Porphyries and Diabase along a broad belt which extends from beyond Beja in Portugal to the banks of the Guadalquivir in the provinces of Cordoba and Jaen.

Such are the most important modifications which have been made in Verneuil’s map. The most important localities where Fossils, Rocks, and Minerals will be found in Spain are—

Palæozoic.—Silurian fossils of the earliest Fauna are found at Murero, (Zaragoza) and at Aleje, Corniero, and Adrados (Leon).

Silurian fossils of the 2nd Silurian Fauna in the Solana del Romeral (Almadenejos), Huerta del Llano (Almaden), and Puente de las Orejas (Ciudad Real).

Devonian fossils at Ferrones (Asturias) and Alge and Corniero (Leon).

Carboniferous fossils at Langreo, Mieres, and Caldas de Oviedo (Asturias), Orbó (Palencia), and Belmez and Espiel.

Mesozoic.—The principal localities where these fossils of the Triassic period may be met with are: Mora de Ebro (Zaragoza), where Ceratites are found; at Manuel (Valencia) the fossils which appear are converted wholly or partially into chalk; at CofientesCofrentes [sic] (Valencia), in sandstone, and at Carlet (Valencia) they are found in very large quantities.

Fossils of the Jurassic period are found at the Laguna of Lariego (Asturias) and Becerril del Carpio (Palencia). Fossils of the lower oolitic lias, at San Adrian de Juarros (Burgos). Fossils of the lower oolitic and Oxfordshire lias at Ricla (Tarragona). Fossils of the lower and middle lias at the Sierra de Albarracin (Teruel); of the lower oolitic lias at the Islas Atalayas de Chisvert (Castellon); of the upper Jura, of the Kimmeridge and Portland species at Jaen.

Purbeck fossils are to be found at the Valley of Cabuerniga, Santander; Tithonian at Martos, Jaen and Wealden in Portugal.

Cretaceous neocomian fossils exist at Utrillas and Gargallo (Teruel) and Alcalá de Chisvert (Castellon), cenomanilan and turonenson at the Sardinero (Santander) and Oviedo; garnumnensen at the Coll de Nargo (Valle del Segre, Cataluña) and Montalban (Teruel); and urgo aptian at Ballesta, Castell de Cabres (Castellon).

Tertiary fossils.—Those belonging to the nummulitic species at Santa Cilia, Atares, and Bocamorta (Huesca), Monserrat and Manresa (Cataluña), La Libreria, between Gijona and Ibi (Alicante), and San Vicente de la Barquera (Santander).

Miocene fresh-water fossils are to be met with in a great number of