Page:A Grammar of the Persian Language.djvu/62

 83. There are, however, a few exceptions to these rules: the names of animals sometimes make their plurals in, as well as in , as, shuṭur, a camel;  shuṭurha, and  shuṭurāṅ, camels; and, on the other hand, the names of things sometimes have plurals in , as  lab, a lip,  labāṅ, lips.

84. Substantive nouns, or attributives used as such, ending in or , form their plurals in ; as,, dānā, a learned man; dānāyāṅ, learned men;, fairy-faced, pl. . Those which end in silent , signifying rational beings, are made plural by changing that letter into, as bachah, an infant;  bachagāṅ, infants; sometimes written separately; as,  farishṭah, an angel;  farishṭah gāṅ, angels.

But if such word end in the aspirated, (Art. 29), the termination or, will be regularly added; as, , the king; , kings; , way;, ways.

If, however, a noun signifying any thing irrational end in silent , this letter will be rejected in forming the plural; as,, the house; , houses.

85. In some modern Persian books, as the life of Nādir Shāh, and others, the plural often ends in ; or, in, if the singular has a silent final.