Page:A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, Volume 1 (1903).djvu/10

 one derivative of reference may here be made. is 'the grinder', i. e. the hopper in the mill, and were it not for the tenacious prejudice in favor of foreign etymologies, no scholar would ever have thought of resorting for the original of ăfarkheseth to or, neither of which has any connection with the grinding process.

For words with suffixed the reader is referred to  and  as specimens.

Enlargements by suffixed have been recognized in  and. More frequent is the formation by prefixed, originally the demonstrative or relative pronoun. In the Dictionary these forms are designated as Difel, Dispeel, or Dithpeel nouns. The well-known in the form of  for 'the wife of' furnishes the key for the explanation of words like,  (Targum Isaiah XXIII, 13; XXX, 2, for Hebrew ); , contracted , an enlargement of , 'private town, settlement';  and , a denominative of , 'handle of an axe' (Syr.  and );  (Sabb. 48$a$), 'shreds of a turban' (Ms. M. ), and many more.

as a formative suffix appears in classical Hebrew, as, &c. (See Gesenius Thesaurus sub littera .) Of Talmudic Hebrew there may be mentioned here, (from , , to knit, interlace), meaning sieve, from which the verb  , to sift. Correspondingly the Aramaic, , is sieve, the verb , to sift, shake, , to confound (compare the metaphor in Amos IX, 9), and , mixed multitude.

It would have been superfluous to refer here to that well-known enlargement of stems by suffixed were it not that even for so common a utensil as a sieve foreign languages have been ransacked, and arb'la or ʿarb'la has been found in the Latin cribellum. The enlarged stem finds a further extension in, for which verb and its derivatives the reader is referred to the Dictionary itself.

Reduplications of entire stems or of two letters of triliteral stems are well known. But there appear also reduplications of one letter employed for enlargement. =, =, =, which may be explained as contractions, find a counterpart in, thresher or grist-maker, which is a reduplication of or.

These reduplications are especially remarkable for the transpositions of the radicals with which they are frequently connected. The stem appears as a reduplication of, , in the sense of lowing, roaring, and figuratively of longing for and howling against. But it also occurs as a transposition of, a reduplication of , with the meaning of rolling around, , from , interchanges with ,